Lecture on Arterial Blood Gases and Critical Care Respiratory Concepts

These flashcards cover key concepts, definitions, and clinical significance related to lab values, ABGs, and critical care respiratory conditions.

What is the normal pH range for arterial blood gases (ABGs)?

7.35-7.45

What does PaCO₂ measure in ABGs?

The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood.

What is the normal range for bicarbonate (HCO₃) in ABGs?

22-26 mmol/L.

What is the significance of a PaO₂ value of 80-100 mmHg?

Indicates perfect oxygenation.

What memory trick helps remember the WBC value range?

From 4 to 11, WBCs are in HEAVEN.

What is the range for normal white blood cell count (WBC)?

4,500-11,000 mm³.

What are fine crackles and what conditions are they associated with?

High-pitched crackling sounds associated with pulmonary edema and asthma.

What are coarse crackles and what conditions are they linked to?

Low-pitched, wet bubbling sounds associated with pneumonia and pulmonary edema.

What does a pleural friction rub indicate?

Inflammation of the pleura causing harsh grating sounds.

What distinguishes wheezes from stridor?

Wheezes are high-pitched musical sounds; stridor is a high-pitched whistling or gasping, indicating obstruction.

What is the ROME method used for?

To analyze acid-base imbalances in ABGs.

How do you determine if an acid-base imbalance is compensated?

By checking if the pH is in range when CO₂ and HCO₃ are out of range.

What characterizes respiratory acidosis symptoms?

Signs include confusion, restlessness, and headache.

What interventions may help with respiratory alkalosis?

Rebreathe into a paper bag and provide emotional support.

What is a key sign of metabolic acidosis?

Kussmaul breathing: deep, rapid breaths.

What can cause metabolic alkalosis?

Excessive vomiting, diuretics, or too many antacids.

What is the normal range for potassium (K⁺)?

3.5-5.0 mEq/L.

What might a Kussmaul breathing pattern indicate?

Metabolic acidosis.