psychological explanation: psychodynamic

what does black suggest about Freuds theory

the superego is inadequate and the ID is given free rein - so offending behaviour is inevitable

what happens in the phallic stage is the same sex parent is absent

the superego cannot fully form - offending behaviour is more likely

where does the child form their superego from

they internalise the same sex parents moral attitudes to form their superego

what happens if the child internalises deviant moral attitudes

a deviant superego is formed and offending behaviour is more likely

what can overly harsh parenting cause

overly harsh super ego - child is crippled by guilt and anxiety

this may lead to an unconscious drive to offend to satisfy need for punishment

what did Bowlby say about delinquency

maternal deprivation can lead to affectionless psychopathy and an increased likelihood of delinquency