Disturbances in Ingestion

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10 Terms

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achalasia

a rare disorder of the esophagus where the Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) fails to relax properly, making it hard for food and liquids to pass into the stomach.

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symptoms of achalasia

regurgitation

dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)

chest pain

weight loss

pyrosis (heartburn)

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jackhammer esophagus

diffuse esophageal spasm

type III achalasia

3 types of esophageal spasm

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JACKHAMMER ESOPHAGUS

Hypercontractile esophagus

marked by excessive, strong and prolonged contractions of the esophagus.

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DIFFUSE ESOPHAGEAL SPASM

contractions are disorganized and occur all over the esophagus. Pain can come randomly, and the swallowing issues happen with a variety of foods.

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TYPE III ACHALASIA

Characterized by LES obstruction and incomplete relaxation during swallowing, leading to difficulty in food passage into the stomach.

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barium swallow, endoscopy, esophageal manometry

diagnostics used for achalasia

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esophageal manometry

gold standard or definitive way to diagnose achalasia

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isosorbide dinitrate and CCB

medication used to temporarily treat achalasia y helping in relaxing the LES muscles

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Laparoscopic Heller Myotomy

a surgical treatment for achalasia where in LES muscle is surgically cut to let food pass easily.