High Empire

Nerva’s reign

96-98 CE

Trajan’s reign

98-117 CE

End of Dacian War

106 CE

Forum of Trajan

112 CE

Column of Trajan

113 CE

Hadrian’s reign

117-138 CE

Hadrian’s wall begins

120 CE

Antonius Pius’ reign

138-161 CE

Marcius Auralius

161-180 CE

Lucius Verus as co-emperor

161-169 CE

Commodus’ reign

180-192 CE

Civil war

193 CE

Arch of Trajan at Beneventum

erected in 114 CE for Trajan, expanding roles of the emperor, shows trajanic social, political, and economic policy, apotheosis of Trajan

isocephaly

all heads are the same height in a relief

hadrians portraiture

quasi-divine depictions using stock classical body types, do not reflect the aging process he stays middle-aged, first to wear a full beard, classism, chooses not to look like Trajan, carved pupils

conservatori reliefs

demonstrates a break from conventional Roman practices, fewer and larger figures, classical style

Appollodorus

trajan’s chief archetect

Baths of Trajan

dedicated in 109 CE, built on the domus aurea,

apodyteria

locker room

forum of trajan

appollodorus, demonstrated a significant advance in the new archetecture of curve, vault, and concrete, dedicated in 112 CE for Trajans victories in Dacia

trajans markets

complex of ~170 rooms arranged in 6 levels around the northeast hemicircle of the forum of Trajan, brick faced concrete, imperial administrative center that may have been used fpr the direct disribution of money and grain to the populace

aulatraiana

a large, cross vaulted space

corbel

structural piece of stone, wood, or metal keyed into and projecting from a wall to carry a bearing weight

Trajan Portriature

heavy brows, long face, often in military garb, julio-claudian hair, serious face

sabina

wife of hadrian, turned into a goddess, classism, less complicated hair, heavy lids

Antoninus Pius portraiture

curly hair, longer beard, bushy eyebrows, carved pupils

Marcus Aurelius portraiture

lots more hair, lost of texture, contemplative look, beard curls that separate

Lucius Verus portraiture

lots of hair, stands up, very defined

Commodus portraiture

long face, resembling marcus Aurelius, have younger versions, drooping eyes, textured hair

Column of trajan

provided a resting place for the emperors cremated remains, meant to impress, does not show trajan as devine but as someone who serves the roman people in a administrative way, nothing resembling this had been done before, portrays the dacin campaign

column of anoninus pius

set up by lucius verus and Marcus aurelius, depicts the apotheosis of anoninus pius and his wife faustina, had both plebian and patrician artwork, traditional greco roman vs abstract artifical approach

panal reliefs of marcus aurelius

commemorate the Marcomannic triumph on 176 CE, less classical, deeply carved, highly textured, clemency,

clemency

pardon to enemy soldiers

columns of marcus aurelius

commemorates and depicts the macromatic wars, honors marcus as divine, finished around 193 CE