Exam 2 SCLA 102
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100 Terms
What was the primary reason American colonists revolted against Britain?
Taxation without representation and violations of natural rights
What did the Stamp Act tax?
Printed materials such as newspapers, legal documents, pamphlets, licenses, and playing cards
What was the significance of the Battle of Saratoga?
It convinced France to support the American colonies in the Revolutionary War
What happened in the Boston Massacre?
British soldiers killed five colonists during a protest in 1770
What happened in the Boston Tea Party?
Colonists dumped British tea into Boston Harbor to protest taxation
What three rights are listed in the Declaration of Independence?
Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness
What was the Miracle at Philadelphia?
The Constitutional Convention of 1787 where the U.S. Constitution was created
How was the Big States vs Small States conflict resolved?
The Great Compromise created a bicameral legislature (House based on population, Senate equal for each state)
How was the Federalist vs Anti-Federalist conflict resolved?
The Constitution was ratified with the addition of the Bill of Rights
Which Amendment protects freedom of speech?
First Amendment
Which Amendment establishes separation of church and state?
First Amendment
What is double jeopardy?
Being tried twice for the same crime
What is eminent domain?
Government taking private property for public use with compensation
Which Amendment gives the right to bear arms?
Second Amendment
What does the 10th Amendment say?
Powers not given to the federal government belong to the states or the people
What example did Frederick Douglass give of slavery’s brutality involving Aunt Hester?
She was violently whipped by her master
What happened to the slave Demby in Douglass's narrative?
He was shot and killed for refusing to come out of a creek
How were slave children fed on plantations according to Douglass?
They were fed like animals from a trough
What did Douglass say slavery did to slave owners?
It morally corrupted and dehumanized them
What was the first event that empowered Frederick Douglass?
Learning how to read and write
What was the second event that empowered Frederick Douglass?
Fighting Mr. Covey and refusing to be beaten
What happened to Douglass's grandmother that angered him the most?
She was abandoned alone in the woods after years of service
Why did William Lloyd Garrison apologize in The Liberator?
He had previously supported gradual abolition instead of immediate abolition
Where did the Civil War officially begin?
Fort Sumter, South Carolina
What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act allow settlers to decide?
Whether slavery would be allowed through popular sovereignty
What was Bleeding Kansas?
Violent conflict between pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers in Kansas
Which invention increased slavery in the South?
The Cotton Gin invented by Eli Whitney
What book increased hostility between the North and South?
Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe
Who was John Brown?
An abolitionist who raided Harpers Ferry to start a slave revolt
What happened at Harpers Ferry?
John Brown attacked a federal arsenal hoping to start a slave rebellion
Who was Dred Scott?
An enslaved man whose Supreme Court case ruled slaves were not citizens
What did the Dred Scott decision declare?
Slaves were not citizens and Congress could not ban slavery in territories
Why do women leave engineering according to the study?
Workplace culture, discrimination, lack of promotion, and hostile environments
Who organized the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848?
Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott
Why did the Seneca Falls Declaration resemble the Declaration of Independence?
To emphasize women's natural rights and equality
What is the plot of The Story of an Hour?
Mrs. Mallard believes her husband died, feels freedom, but dies when he unexpectedly returns
What is the main symbol in The Story of an Hour?
The open window
What does the open window symbolize?
Freedom, independence, and a new life
What is the theme of The Story of an Hour?
The restrictive nature of 19th-century marriage
Why is the ending of The Story of an Hour ironic?
Doctors say she died of joy but she actually died because her freedom disappeared
What was the final battle of the American Revolution?
The Battle of Yorktown in 1781
What happened at Yorktown?
British General Cornwallis surrendered to American and French forces
What were three major results of the Civil War?
Slavery ended, the federal government became stronger than states, and the nation became unified
What major Civil War turning points happened in 1863?
The battles of Gettysburg and Vicksburg
What caused the Civil War according to Professor Malone?
The nation failed to reconcile Enlightenment ideals of equality with the reality of slavery
What was the primary reason American colonists revolted against Britain?
Taxation without representation and violations of natural rights
What did the Stamp Act tax?
Printed materials such as newspapers, legal documents, pamphlets, licenses, and playing cards
What was the significance of the Battle of Saratoga?
It convinced France to support the American colonies in the Revolutionary War
What happened in the Boston Massacre?
British soldiers killed five colonists during a protest in 1770
What happened in the Boston Tea Party?
Colonists dumped British tea into Boston Harbor to protest taxation
What three rights are listed in the Declaration of Independence?
Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness
What was the Miracle at Philadelphia?
The Constitutional Convention of 1787 where the U.S. Constitution was created
How was the Big States vs Small States conflict resolved?
The Great Compromise created a bicameral legislature (House based on population, Senate equal for each state)
How was the Federalist vs Anti-Federalist conflict resolved?
The Constitution was ratified with the addition of the Bill of Rights
Which Amendment protects freedom of speech?
First Amendment
Which Amendment establishes separation of church and state?
First Amendment
What is double jeopardy?
Being tried twice for the same crime
What is eminent domain?
Government taking private property for public use with compensation
Which Amendment gives the right to bear arms?
Second Amendment
What does the 10th Amendment say?
Powers not given to the federal government belong to the states or the people
What example did Frederick Douglass give of slavery’s brutality involving Aunt Hester?
She was violently whipped by her master
What happened to the slave Demby in Douglass's narrative?
He was shot and killed for refusing to come out of a creek
How were slave children fed on plantations according to Douglass?
They were fed like animals from a trough
What did Douglass say slavery did to slave owners?
It morally corrupted and dehumanized them
What was the first event that empowered Frederick Douglass?
Learning how to read and write
What was the second event that empowered Frederick Douglass?
Fighting Mr. Covey and refusing to be beaten
What happened to Douglass's grandmother that angered him the most?
She was abandoned alone in the woods after years of service
Why did William Lloyd Garrison apologize in The Liberator?
He had previously supported gradual abolition instead of immediate abolition
Where did the Civil War officially begin?
Fort Sumter, South Carolina
What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act allow settlers to decide?
Whether slavery would be allowed through popular sovereignty
What was Bleeding Kansas?
Violent conflict between pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers in Kansas
Which invention increased slavery in the South?
The Cotton Gin invented by Eli Whitney
What book increased hostility between the North and South?
Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe
Who was John Brown?
An abolitionist who raided Harpers Ferry to start a slave revolt
What happened at Harpers Ferry?
John Brown attacked a federal arsenal hoping to start a slave rebellion
Who was Dred Scott?
An enslaved man whose Supreme Court case ruled slaves were not citizens
What did the Dred Scott decision declare?
Slaves were not citizens and Congress could not ban slavery in territories
Why do women leave engineering according to the study?
Workplace culture, discrimination, lack of promotion, and hostile environments
Who organized the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848?
Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott
Why did the Seneca Falls Declaration resemble the Declaration of Independence?
To emphasize women's natural rights and equality
What is the plot of The Story of an Hour?
Mrs. Mallard believes her husband died, feels freedom, but dies when he unexpectedly returns
What is the main symbol in The Story of an Hour?
The open window
What does the open window symbolize?
Freedom, independence, and a new life
What is the theme of The Story of an Hour?
The restrictive nature of 19th-century marriage
Why is the ending of The Story of an Hour ironic?
Doctors say she died of joy but she actually died because her freedom disappeared
What was the final battle of the American Revolution?
The Battle of Yorktown in 1781
What happened at Yorktown?
British General Cornwallis surrendered to American and French forces
What were three major results of the Civil War?
Slavery ended, the federal government became stronger than states, and the nation became unified
What major Civil War turning points happened in 1863?
The battles of Gettysburg and Vicksburg
What caused the Civil War according to Professor Malone?
The nation failed to reconcile Enlightenment ideals of equality with the reality of slavery
What ideas influenced the Declaration of Independence?
Enlightenment ideas about natural rights and equality
Who influenced Jefferson’s ideas about natural rights?
John Locke
What is the purpose of government according to the Declaration of Independence?
To protect natural rights
When do people have the right to overthrow a government?
When the government fails to protect their rights
Why were the Articles of Confederation considered weak?
The federal government could not tax, raise an army, or regulate trade
What economic system dominated the Southern economy?
Plantation agriculture based on slavery
What economic system dominated the Northern economy?
Industrial and commercial economy
What phrase described the economic importance of cotton?
Cotton was King
What is popular sovereignty?
The idea that citizens vote to decide whether slavery is allowed
What did Abraham Lincoln mean by "A house divided against itself cannot stand"?
The nation could not survive half slave and half free