Ecological Systems Theory

An individual's development is influenced by a series of interconnected environmental systems

Ecological systems theory (Bronfenbrenner)

The child's immediate surroundings include family, friends, and school. Positive interactions with supportive parents and caring teachers foster the child's learning and well-being.

Microsystem

The connections between microsystem elements affect the child's development, like how parental involvement in school activities enhances academic success

Mesosystem

The broader community/environment indirectly impacts the child. For example, the parents' workplace policies, extended family, local government, mass media

Exosystem

Cultural norms, economic conditions, and societal beliefs about education and success shape parental expectations, ultimately guiding the child's values and ambitions

Macrosystem

Major life transitions, like a family move to a new city, or historical events, like a global pandemic, affect the child's long-term developmental trajectory

Chronosystem