Misc. Week 3

PT 601

what kind of supervision do PTAs need?

general supervision

what kind of supervision do PT aides need?

direct supervision

aneuploidy

an abnormal number of chromosomes

pharacokinetics

what the body does to a drug

pharmacodynamics

what a drug does to the body

types of enteral delivery

oral, sublingual, rectal

first pass medication

drug goes through liver before reaching systemic circulation

a large therapeutic index correspond with a ___ therapeutic window, meaning the drug is ___ lethal

large; less

a small therapeutic index corresponds with a ___ therapeutic window, meaning the drug is ___ lethal

small; more

what are the layers of the epidermis from

Basale, Spinosum, Granulosum, Lucidum, Corneum
(Before Studying Get Lucky Coochie)

Stratum basale

melanocytes, merkle cells, mitotic

stratum spinosum

resists tension and pulling

stratum granulosum

keratinization occurs

stratum lucidum

only in thick skin

stratum corneum

many rows of dead cells for protection and prevention of water loss

keratinocytes

give skin toughness

melanocytes

give skin thickness

langerhans cells

immune cells

merkle cells

sensation

macrophages

eat dead cells and repaired injured ones

mast cells

clotting

fibroblasts

produce collagen and elastin

what type of displacement is most common in the body

curvilinear (general)

bending and straightening the elbow is in which plane and axis

sagittal plane, coronal axis

which plane has a vertical axis?

transverse plane

give one motion that happens in the vertical axis

internal/external rotation

Newton’s first law

inertia

Newton’s second law

acceleration (F=MA)

Newton’s third law

every reaction has an equal and opposite reaction

torque equation

torque = force x moment arm

fulcrum

axis

1st class lever

Axis in middle (ALE)

2nd class lever

Load in middle (ALE)

3rd class lever

Effort in middle (ALE)

what are the 3 main tasks of gait

weight acceptance, single limb support, limb advancement

what happens with the pelvis in the sagittal and frontal planes

anterior/posterior pelvic tilt (sagittal plane), lateral dip (frontal plane)

measurable parameters of gait

spatial, temporal, spatiotemporal

concentric contraction

musclse shortening

eccentric contraction

muscle lengthens

isometric contraction

no change in muscle length

moment arm

aka lever arm
perpendicular distance between the joint/fulcrum and the line of action of force

open chain movement def. and ex

proximal segment of limb is stabilized while distal segment moves
leg extension

closed chain movement def. and ex

distal limb segment is fixed to a surface that provides resistance so the force goes through multiple joints at once
leg press, squat

gait acronym

I Like My Tea Piping (stance phase)
- Initial contact
- Loading response
- Mid stance
- Terminal stance
- Pre-swing

In My Teapot (swing phase)
- Initial swing
- Mid swing
- Terminal swing