cells

cell

the smallest unit that all living things are made of

cell membrane

“skin” that contains the cell and controls what goes in and out

chloroplast

organelles in plant cells that make food for the plant

chromosomes

threadlike structures that store DNA (the information that tells the cell what it is and how to behave)

cytoplasm

a substance that surrounds the nucleus and holds the smaller organelles

eukaryotic cell

a cell that has a nucleus and makes up living things – for example, a brain cell

meiosis

a process in which one cell divides into four cells, each with half the DNA needed to reproduce. The other half comes from another organism.

mitochondria

organelles in cells that turn sugars into energy that organisms can use

mitosis

cell division of one cell into two new cells each with a complete set of DNA

nucleus

the center of the cell where DNA is stored

organelle

smaller part inside a cell, including mitochondria and ribosomes

organism

anything living, such as a plant, animal, or bacterium

photosynthesis

a process by which plants make food from light

prokaryotic cell

a cell with no nucleus, such as the single-cell of a bacterium

reproduce

make new cells or new living things by mitosis or meiosis