Ms Fitz Chemistry H Second Semester Final Review 2026

Vocabulary flashcards covering core concepts, reaction types, formulas, and laws for the second semester chemistry final exam.

VSEPR

A model used to determine the molecular shape of compounds (Unit 6).

Electronegativity

A property used to characterize polar and nonpolar bonds (Unit 6).

Hydrogen bonding

A specific type of intermolecular force along with Dipole-dipole interactions and London Dispersion forces (Unit 6).

Synthesis

A type of chemical reaction where multiple reactants combine to form a single product (Unit 7).

Decomposition

A type of chemical reaction where a single compound breaks down into multiple products (Unit 7).

Combustion

A type of chemical reaction often involving oxygen as a reactant (Unit 7).

Avogadro’s Number

A constant used in calculations to convert between moles and molecules (Unit 8).

Factor Label

A method used to convert between moles, grams, and molecules (Unit 8).

Empirical formula

A chemical formula calculated given percent (%) composition information (Unit 8).

Molecular formula

A formula determined given either the empirical formula and molar mass, or percent (%) composition and molar mass (Unit 8).

Stoichiometry

The study of quantitative relationships in chemical reactions, such as converting $\text{grams A} \rightarrow \text{grams B}$ (Unit 9).

Limiting reactant

The reactant that is completely consumed first, determined given a balanced or unbalanced equation and the mass of each reactant (Unit 9).

Percent yield

A calculation determined by comparing actual product formed to theoretical values based on a chemical equation (Unit 9).

Boyle’s Law

$P_1V_1 = P_2V_2$ (Unit 10).

Charles’ Law

$\frac{V_1}{T_1} = \frac{V_2}{T_2}$ (Unit 10).

Gay-Lussac’s Law

$\frac{P_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2}{V_2}$ (Unit 10).

Combined Gas Law

$\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}$ (Unit 10).

Dalton’s Law

$P_{\text{Total}}$ (Unit 10).

Ideal Gas Law

$PV = nRT$ (Unit 10).

Molarity

A definition used to calculate concentration components or describe how to make a solution at a prescribed concentration (Unit 11).

pH

A measurement calculated along with pOH and $[H^+]$ to characterize acids and bases (Unit 11).