B15.2 Sexual reproduction

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Last updated 3:22 AM on 5/14/26
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7 Terms

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What is sexual reproduction?

  • Process involving the fusion of the nuclei of two gametes to form a zygote and the production of offspring that are genetically different from each other

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What is a zygote?

  • Fertilized egg cell that results from the union of a female gamete (egg/ovum) with a male gamete (sperm)

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What is a species?

  • Group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring

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What is a haploid?

  • Cell containing 1 copy of every chromosome

    • Humans: haploid number of 23

    • Nucleus of a gamete is described as haploid

<ul><li><p>Cell containing 1 copy of every chromosome</p><ul><li><p>Humans: haploid number of 23</p></li><li><p>Nucleus of a gamete is described as haploid</p></li></ul></li></ul><p></p>
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What is a diploid?

  • Cell containing 2 copies of every chromosome (1 as backup)

    • Humans: diploid number of 46

    • Nucleus of a zygote is described as diploid

<ul><li><p>Cell containing 2 copies of every chromosome (1 as backup)</p><ul><li><p>Humans: diploid number of 46</p></li><li><p>Nucleus of a zygote is described as diploid</p></li></ul></li></ul><p></p>
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Advantages of sexual reproduction

  • Introduces variation in a population

  • Variation makes a species less susceptible to environmental changes such as disease

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Disadvantages of sexual reproduction

  • Organisms spend more time and energy finding a mate

  • Much slower than asexual reproduction