Matter

Chemistry

The study of the composition, properties, and changes of matter.

Matter

Anything with mass and volume.

Mass

Measure of the amount of matter in a substance using a calibrated balance.

Volume

Three-dimensional space occupied by a substance.

Atoms

Sub-microscopic particles, the building blocks of matter.

Molecules

Two or more atoms joined to each other in specific geometric arrangements.

Phase

Solid, liquid, or gas.

Composition

Pure substance or mixture.

Property

Physical and chemical.

Solids

Constituent particles arranged in a regular, three-dimensional array with a definite volume and shape.

Crystalline Solid

Atoms or molecules arranged in geometric patterns with long-range, repeating order.

Amorphous Solid

No long-range order.

Liquids

Particles can move about each other while remaining in contact, with a definite volume but no definite shape.

Gases

Particles separated from each other by large distances and move about randomly in space, with no definite shape or volume.

Pure Substances

Made up of one type of atom or molecule that can exist in any phase.

Mixtures

Made up of two or more substances that can be physically separated into their individual components.

Homogeneous Mixture

Components are the same throughout the mixture and can exist in any phase.

Heterogeneous Mixture

Has visibly separate component parts and can exist in any phase.

Physical Properties

Can be observed or measured without changing the substance being studied.

Chemical Properties

Describe how a substance changes and can only be determined by experimentation.

Law of Conservation of Mass

Matter is not created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.

Physical Changes

Changes of state without altering the identity of the substance.

Chemical Changes

Changes that result in the formation of a new substance.