Gender Inequality in Marriage, Criminal Laws, and Reproductive Health Act

These flashcards cover vocabularies and legal terms related to Philippine marriage laws, gender inequality in the Revised Penal Code, and the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act (RA 10354).

Marriage

A special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman entered into in accordance with law for the establishment of conjugal and family life, considered the foundation of the family and an inviolable social institution.

Article 1, The Family Code of the Philippines

The legal provision that defines marriage as a special contract of permanent union specifically between a man and a woman, which causes the exclusion of homosexual relationships.

Adultery

A crime committed by a wife who engages in sexual intercourse with a man not her husband; the mere act of sexual intercourse is sufficient for the crime to be proven.

Concubinage

A crime committed by a husband who has sexual intercourse with a woman not his wife under scandalous circumstances, keeps another woman in the conjugal home, or cohabits with her in another dwelling.

Destierro

The penalty of banishment that falls on the concubine in the crime of concubinage, as opposed to the penalty of imprisonment imposable on the paramour in adultery cases.

Article 14, Family Code

Requires contracting parties between the ages of eighteen and twenty-one to exhibit consent from their father, mother, surviving parent, or guardian to the local civil registrar.

Article 96 and 124, Family Code

Provisions stating that while administration of community property or conjugal partnership belongs to both spouses jointly, the husband's decision shall prevail in cases of disagreement.

Article 211 and 225, Family Code

Provisions stating that in cases of disagreement between parents regarding authority over children or their property, the father's decision shall prevail unless there is a judicial order to the contrary.

RA 8353

Also known as the Anti-Rape Law, it contains a clause where a subsequent valid marriage between the offender and the offended party or forgiveness by the wife extinguishes the criminal action or penalty.

Article 202, Revised Penal Code

A provision amended by Republic Act No. 10158 that defines prostitutes exclusively as women who habitually engage in sexual intercourse or lascivious conduct for money or profit.

RA 10354

Also known as the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012 (RH Law), enacted to provide the poor with access to reproductive health goods, services, and information.

Abortifacient

A type of product or medicine that promotes abortion, which the Catholic Church used to characterize the RH Law as sinful.

Essential Medicines

Under the RH Law, reproductive health products are classified as such and must form part of the National Drug Formulary.

Conscientious Objector

A health care service provider who, on religious grounds, refuses to provide certain RH services but is required to immediately refer the patient to another accessible provider.

Article II, Section 12 of the 1987 Constitution

The provision stating that the State recognizes the sanctity of life and shall equally protect the life of the mother and the life of the unborn from conception.

Population Commission

A body created in the 1960s as a measure of population control to manage high fertility rates and alleviate poverty.

Implanon and Implanon NXT

Contraceptive implants that were subject to a 2015 Supreme Court TRO until the FDA certified in 2017 that they are not abortifacients.