pancreas

Is the pancreas an excocrine or endocrine glans

Both

How is it exocrine

It produces enzymes and other chemicals (bicarbonate) that are released into the lumen of the duodenum

How is it an exocrine gland

Produces three hormones involved in blood glucose control (insulin when sugar is high and glucagon when sugar is low)

Blood glucose levels rise: 3

• Beta cells of pancreas release insulin into the blood

• Insulin causes body cells to take up more glucose, which is stored in the liver as glycogen

• Blood glucose levels decrease and homeostasis is reached

Blood glucose levels fall: 3

• Alpha cells of pancreas release glucagon

• Liver breaks down glycogen and releases glucose

• Blood glucose levels rise

Type 1 diabetes

Cells do not absorb glucose because of no insulin

Type 2 diabetes

Cells do not respond to insulin

Glucagon, insulin, adrenaline, thyroxine: 4

• Glucagon: raises blood glucose

• Insulin: lowers blood glucose

• Adrenaline: raises blood glucose

• Thyroxine: decreases blood glucose levels by increasing metabolism (more glucose used due to increased cell resp)

Fsh: 2

• Anterior pituitary

• Gamete production

Lh: 2

• Anterior pituitary

• Gonadal support and hormone production

Estrogen and progesterone: 2

• Adrenal glands and mature gonads

• Female characteristics and gamete development

Testosterone: 2

• Adrenal glands and mature gonads

• Make characteristics and gamete development

Androgens: 2

• Adrenal glands

• Initial feminizing or masculinizing of organisms