Boards Q's

What type of joints are the articulations between the intervertebral bodies

Symphyses

When performing a PA projection of the chest, what positioning step os essential to ensure accurate demonstration of the thoracic anatomy

Ensuring the patient’s shoulders are rolled forward

A technologist selects an exposure setting of 100 kVp and 2 mAs for a portable AP chest, x-ray without a grid on an average size patient, Which statement best describes the effect of this technique on image contrast

High kVp results in low contrast

In the process of digital image acquisition, what is the significance of the initial analog-to-digitial signal conversion step in maintaining image quality?

It enables further processing by the computer

The skull type in which the petrous ridges form a 45-47 degree with the midsagittal plane is the:

Mesocephalic (“Normal” size and shape)

When handling radioactive materials, which type of glove provides personnel the most effective protection?

Thick lead-lined gloves

An elderly patient with kyphosis requires an AP axial (Townes) projection x-ray. How should the technologist adjust the procedure to accommodate the patient’s spinal curvature?

Adjust the central ray angulation to match the patient’s posture

In the context of imaging informatics, what is the significance of DICOM standards?

They establish the communication and transmission criteria for image archiving and retrieval systems

How should a rad tech adjust the exposure parameters when imaging a patient with osteoporosis using digital radiography

Decrease kVp to avoid overexposure

A compound fracture is one in which the:

Fracture ends of bone penetrate the skin

Bremsstrahlung x-rays are produced by:

Decelerating Electrons

The outermost layer of the esophagus is a:

Fibrous Layer

Why is it crucial to ensure accurate entry of personal data?

To ensure accurate monitoring and risk assessment

In digital radiography, what is the impact of increasing the matrix size of the image?

Increased Spatial Resolution

In radiographic imaging, why is ti essential to utilize display monitors with minimal lag time?

To enable real-time imaging during dynamic studies

What is the advantage of using fluoroscopic unit with a digital detector system over a system using an image intensifier?

Lower Radiation Dose to the patient

Increasing the FOV while leaving all other factors the same will have what effect on the pixel size?

Increased Pixel Size

After completing a T-Spine radiograph, the tech is having difficulty distinguishing between densities. What could be the most effective adjustment to improve image contrast in this scenario?

Reduce the kVp setting

What is the most effective method to reduce quantum mottle in a digital radiographic image?

Increase the mAs

A radiographic tech is assessing the quality of a new fluoro system , what is the primary reason for checking the temporal resolution of the system?

To determine how quickly the system can process and display live images

The envelope that surrounds the x-ray tube is most commonly made of:

Pyrex

In digital radiography, what is the impact of increasing the matrix size of the image?

Increased spatial resolution

What is the primary purpose of the EI within a digital radiography system?

Aid in the selection of appropriate technical factors

In radiographic imaging, why is it essential to utilize display monitors with minimal lag time?

To enable real-time imaging during dynamic studies

What is the primary purpose of using a high-pass filter in digital image processing?

To enhance the visibility of sharp edges

A patient with a hypersthenic body habitus requires a lateral T-Spine radiograph, but standard technical factors result in inadequate penetration with appropriate exposure levels, which procedural adaptation can improve image quality while maintaining exposure

Increase kVp and adjust mAs accordingly

When imaging a patient with suspected bronchitis, how should the radiologic technologist adjust the exposure settings from the technique chart, if at all?

Maintain the same setting as for a standard chest

On the average patient, the esophagus ends at what vertebral level?

T11

The Xiphoid process lies at what level on a sthenic patient

T10

How many phalanges are in each foot?

14

On an image of a mediolateral projection of the ankle, the technologist notices the fibula superimposing the anterior half of the tibia, what, if any, mistake has been made?

Leg was internally rotated

What is the central ray entrance point for a PA projection of the barium-filled large intestine for a sthenic patient?

Midsagittal plane and the level of the iliac crest

What is the primary drug of metabolism

Liver

Where would the distal top of a tunneled line, such as a Hickman catheter, be located?

Superior Vena Cava

Which chamber of the heart is responsible for pumping blood to the lungs?

Right Ventricle

When using fluoro equipments, which is directly proportional to the exposure delivered to the patient?

mA

The process used to identify the useful exposure values in the digital image is called:

Histogram Analysis

Because of the line-focus principle, the effective focal spot size decreases with decreasing:

Target Angle

In radiographic histograms, what is being represented on the X-Axis

Specific exposure values captured by the image receptor

Destruction or alteration of medical records, such as a radiology report, by an unauthorized person, is referred to as:

Spoliation

“Touching a patient without permission or justification” is the legal definition of:

Battery

What group of drugs are used to speed up defecation?

Cathartics

Dynamic Range is defined as the:

Ability of an IR to capture a wide range of photon intensities that exit the patient

Which condition would be an indication for retrograde urethrography?

Urethral Obstruction

What is trapped when x-ray photons strike the phosphor layer of the CR imaging plate?

Electrons

The document in which patients identify the type of amount of nutritional and life-sustaining treatments desired at the end of life is referred to as?

Living Will

What 2 are included in the total filtration of the x-ray beam?

Inherent Filtration and Added Filtration

What is the electronic technique chart with preprogrammed technical factors called?

Anatomically programmed technique

The risk of cancer is estimated by calculating the:

Effective Dose

What is the unit for electric current

Ampere

The acronym ESE refers to:

Entrance Skin Exposure

Pathogenic microoganisms that require a living host’s cells to survive and reproduce are called:

Viruses

When is it acceptable for a radiographer to stand in the path of the primary beam?

A radiographer should never stand in the path of the primary beam

The range of radiation exposure that will produce a quality radiographic image is called:

Exposure Latitude

Which imaging study of the urinary system is a structural study rather than a functional study?

Retrograde Pyelogram

What does a histogram show in digital radiography?

Distribution of pixel values in an image

1 joule per kilogram (J?kg) is equal to:

1 Gray

Which would establish radiation protection standards for a stochastic effects of radiation?

Linear Non-Threshold Model

Increasing the OID from 1 inch to 2 inches will result in:

Decreased spatial resolution

Spatial resolution in digital radiography is defined as the:

Structural sharpness recorded in the radiograph

A small fluid-filled sac that helps reduce friction near a joint is called a:

Bursa

Which anatomical structure of the humerus is located just distal to the tubercles

Surgical Neck

What is considered an unintentional tort?

Negligence

Which is used to change the grayscale values in the recorded image to a new range of values in order to improve the displayed image?

Look-Up Table (LUT)

The proper medical term for a partial collapse of lung tissue is:

Atelectasis

Which projection best demonstrates the zygapophyseal joints of the C-Spine

Lateral

What is the minimum requirement for the evaluation of holes and cracks of shielding accessories?

Annually

A persons’s core body temperature is regulated by what structure?

Hypothalamus

What thickness of protective shielding is required in the Bucky slot cover of a Fluoro imaging unit?

0.25 mm Lead Equivalent

Which two examinations require the patient to be NPO for 8 to 12 hours prior to the procedure

Barium Enema and Upper GI

If the FOV remains unchanged, as the matrix size increases, the pixel size

Decreases

What technical adjustment should be made when a positive contrast media agents are used?

Increases kVp

What is the name for a disease or infection caused by a healthcare professional or by medical treatment?

Iatrogenic Disease

What two post-processing manipulations may lead to a legal issue?

Electronically changing the FOV and cropping anatomy off of an image and a technologist add their own prior to exposure

If the patient’s ASIS measures 17 cm to the table top, how much and in which direction should the x-ray be angles for an AP knee radiograph?

5 degrees caudad

Elimination of extraneous light from the edges of a digital radiographic image is achieved through:

The application of electronic masking

What compound is used in flat-panel image receptors to convert incoming x-ray photons directly into an electrical signal

Amorphous Selenium

When positioning an elbow for an AP projection, what is the relationship between the humeral epicondyles and the IR?

Parallel to the IR

What factor effects both the quantity and quality of the x-ray beam?

kVp

Keeping all other factors the same, increasing beam filtration results in which?

Decreased patient dose

During digital image formation, quantization occurs in the:

Analog-to-Digital Converter

What component is used to release information stored in a photostimulable phosphor (PSP) for processing?

Laser Light

To demonstrate the lesser tubercle of the humerus in profile medically, which projection of the shoulder should be obtained?

AP projection with internal rotation of the arm

Radiation-induced cataracts are classified as a:

Deterministic Effect

Which of the following principles defines the relationship between mA and exposure time

Reciprocity Law

When preparing for a hysterosalpingography study, the patient should be placed in what position?

Lithotomy Position

The general term for legal documents describing a person’s wishes if they become unable to make decisions about their medical care are called:

Advanced Heath Care Directives

An abnormally exaggerated posterior convex curve in the T-Spine is termed?

Kyphosis

What effect does an increase half-value layer (HVL) have on the quality of the x-ray beam?

Increased Quality

Main controlling factor of image receptor exposure?

mAs

Which is the primary absorber of x-ray photons during a fluoro procedure?

Patient

Sterilization using a autoclave involves the use of:

Pressurized steam

The flow of electrons from the cathode to the anode is referred to as:

Tube Current

Which anatomic structure can be used as an indicator of the spatial resolution?

Trabecular Bone

A reduction of normal number of erythrocytes circulating in the blood is called:

Anemia

What two can be considered paralanguage?

Tone of Voice and Vocal Identifiers

Changing the x-ray tube filtration from 3.5 to 4.0 mm would have what effect on the x-ray beam quality?

Increases Quality

What could cause excessive image receptor exposure while using automatic exposure control?

Incorrect radiation detector selection

What radiation measurement is used to assess how much biological damage is expected from the absorbed dose based on radiation types?

Equivalent Dose

The phosphor layer in a CR imaging plate is composed of:

barium fluorohalide