pathophys 5: respiratory system

our lungs and how the oxygen reaches all parts of our body

acute/chronic bronchitis

inflammation of the mucous membrane

anosmia

loss/impairment of the sense of smell

anthracosis

Abnormal condition of coal dust in the lungs; black lung disease.

Ards

(Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome) also a sudden onset of severe lung dysfunction affecting both lungs

asbestosis

lung disease caused by inhaling asbestos particles

asthma

A chronic allergic disorder characterized by episodes of severe breathing difficulty

atelectasis

Collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli

bronchiectasis

A chronic congenital or acquired disease characterized by abnormal dilatation of the bronchi and excessive sputum production

common cold/uri

acute inflammation that affects the mucous membrane of the urt

COPD

(Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is comprised primarily of three related conditions chronic bronchitis

deviated septem

crooked cartilage partition between the nostrils

epistaxis

Nosebleed

exsanguination

Loss of blood to the point where life can no longer be sustained.

flail chest

condition of instability in the chest wall caused by multiple rib fractures; the sternum also may be fractrured

hemoptysis

Coughing up blood

hemothorax

accumulation of blood and fluid in the pleural cavity

HEPTOMEGALY

abnormal enlargement of the liver

histoplasmosis

fungal disease originating in the lungs that is caused by inhalation of the dust containing Histoplasma capsulatum

infectious mononucleosis/ Epstein-barr virus infection

glandular fever an acute herspesvirus infection; cause lymphadenopathy and fever; passed through kissing

laryngeal cancer

Cancer of the throat is cancer of the vocal chords

laryngitis

inflammation of the larynx causes aphonia

legionellosis (Legionnaires' disease and pontiac fever)

form of pneumonia that is caused by the bacterium Legionella pneumophilia

lung cancer

Highly malignant form developing from a constant irritation of chemicals from tobacco or other air born pollutants within the lung. Obstruction of airways is common. Metastasis to lymph nodes

lymphadenopathy

Any disease process affecting a lymph node or nodes

nasal polyps

benign growths that form as a consequence of distended mucous membranes protruding into the nasal cavity

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

a cancer that arises from epithelium of the nasopharynx

pharyngitis/sore throat

acute/chronic inflammation/infection of the pharynx

pleurisy/itis

inflammation of the membranes surrounding the lungs and lining the pleural cavity

pneumoconiosis

Abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs

pneumonia

An inflammation of lung tissue

pneumothorax

collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity that results in a collapsed or partially collapsed lung

pulmonary abscess

cavity of contained infectious material in the lung

pulmonary embolism

A blood clot that breaks off from a large vein and travels to the blood vessels of the lung

pulmonary emphysema

chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder characterized by destructive changes in the alveolar walls and irreversible enlargement of alveolar air spaces

Respiratory Synctial virus pneumonia

an inflammatory and infectious condition of the lungs

rhonchi

A whistling or snoring sound heard on auscultation of the chest when air channels are partially obstructed

sarcoidosis

A disease that causes inflammation and microscopic nodules called granulomas that affect almost all systems of the body

SARS

severe acute respiratory syndrome; CORONA VIRUS

silicosis

caused by inhaling silica dust in the lungs and usually occurs after working in occupations including foundry work

sinusitis

acute/chronic inflammation of the mucous membranes of the paranasal sinuses

symptons of respiratory tract problems

chest pain

tachypnea

Fast breathing

tb

A contagious bacterial infection that involves the lungs

TNM system

Tumor

tumors of the larynx

benign/malignant;