Philosophy of Knowledge and Developmental Theories

These flashcards cover key concepts related to empiricism, rationalism, Vygotsky's theory, and developmental theories, including critiques.

Empiricism

The philosophical theory that states that knowledge comes primarily from sensory experience.

Tabula Rasa

A concept referring to the human mind as a 'blank slate' at birth, filled with experiences over time.

Rationalism

The theory in philosophy that reason and logic are the primary sources of knowledge.

Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)

The gap between what a child can do independently and what they can achieve with guidance.

Scaffolding

An instructional method where guidance is provided to learners to achieve a specific goal.

More Knowledgeable Other (MKO)

An individual with a higher level of understanding or ability than the learner, providing guidance.

Intersubjectivity

A shared understanding reached through social interaction between individuals with different perspectives.

Cognitive Development

The process by which children learn to think, understand, and acquire knowledge through interaction.

Moral Development Theory

A theory proposed by Lawrence Kohlberg that outlines how individuals advance through stages of moral reasoning.

Prenatal Development

The development of the fetus in the womb, including the formation of senses.

Critique of Developmental Theories

An evaluation of various developmental theories, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses.