Literature Section 2 and 3

The 1920s in America were a time of big economic growth, often called the what?

Roaring Twenties

After World War I, the economy grew by what percent?

42%

Marvel Crosson in Born to Fly takes apart her father's new car engine when she was what age?

11

Why did the 1920s become known as the "Golden Age of Flight"?

Air races became popular

Why did farmers struggle in the 1920s?

They grew too much food and prices went down

What did African Americans face in the 1920s?

Discrimination and racial tension

When did the stock market crash?

1929

The stock market crash caused a devastating economic downturn called the what?

Great Depression

What two major demographic events occurred in the Roaring Twenties?

Urbanization (more people in cities) and the Great Migration (movement of African Americans from the South to cities in the North)

The Ted Talk by Isabel Wilkerson discussed what?

The Great Migration

When does urbanization occur?

When people move from countryside to towns and cities, leading to an expanding population

In 1800, how many Americans lived in a city?

5 out of 100

By 1920, how many Americans lived in a city?

50 out of 100

The change from living in the countryside to cities was a slow increase that sped up after what event?

the Civil War

Between 1870 and 1920, how many people moved from farms to cities?

11 million

Between 1870 and 1920, how many immigrants arrived in the U.S.?

25 million

Between 1910 and 1970, approximately how many African Americans moved from the South to cities in the Northeast, Midwest, and West?

6 million

Where did African Americans move to from the South?

Northeast, Midwest, and West

When was the first part of the Great Migration?

1910 to 1940

Why was life in the South hard?

unjust Jim Crow laws enforced racial segregation, and there weren't many good jobs

In the North and West, there were more jobs with better pay in factories manufacturing what?

steel and cars

What newspaper encouraged people to move North by writing about the opportunities there?

Chicago Defender

The United States made almost half of all the goods in the world because of what?

Many factories in Europe were damaged from the war

Where did the Harlem Renaissance occur?

NYC

The rapid growth of American cities caused what?

Overcrowding, dirty neighborhoods, disease spreading, crime increase, and more organized crime and violence

The lack of housing for everyone led to what?

Overcrowding

When did Prohibition begin?

January 1920

What was the MAIN thing that contributed to organized crime and violence?

Prohibition

Who flew alcohol illegally over the Mexican border into the U.S.?

Pancho Barnes

One of the main themes of Born to Fly focuses on what?

The way the female pilots defied gender roles and norms

Who led the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA)?

Carrie Chapman Catt

Who led the National Women's Party (NWP)?

Alice Paul

How was the NWP different from NAWSA?

They used more forceful ways to get attention (ex: protests outside the White House)

The women's rights movement was built on the work of earlier leaders like who?

Lucy Stone, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Susan B. Anthony

How were Mary Church Terrel and Ida B. Wells-Barnett similar?

They were African American women leaders

What poem by Langston Hughes reflects on the obstacles faced by African American women?

Mother to Son

When was the 19th amendment added to the constitution?

August 18, 1920

What did the 19th amendment protect?

women's right to vote

Women of color did not win the right to vote until what passed?

the Voting Rights Act of 1965

What were a kind of young woman in the 1920s who loved to have fun and show off their independence?

flappers

Why did flappers wear short, loose dresses?

To dance the Charleston

Traditional women wore long dress that required corsets made of what?

whalebone

The number of women with jobs grew by what percent between 1920 and 1929?

25%

By 1920, what percent of all workers in the U.S. were women?

20%

Unions

groups that helped workers

When was the next big push for women's rights after the 1920s?

1960s

Two of the most important types of music in the 1920s were what?

jazz and blues

Where did jazz originate?

New Orleans, Louisiana

When did jazz start?

The late 1800s and early 1900s

What is one of the key features of jazz where jazz musicians make up some of the music as they play?

improvisation

Syncopation is the musical term for playing what?

off-beat

How does syncopation affect jazz?

It gives it a bouncy, energetic feel

What is a special jazz rhythm that makes you want to dance?

swing

Many blues songs follow what simple structure?

12-bar blues

What feature of blues is where a singer sings a line and an instrument "answers" with a musical phrase?

call and response

Where did the Harlem Renaissance mainly take place?

Harlem, a neighborhood in NYC

When did the Harlem Renaissance mainly take place?

1920s and 1930s

Who wrote poems, novels, and plays that explored African American identity and experiences?

Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston, and Countee Cullen

What best describes the genre of Born to Fly?

historical fiction

When does Born to Fly take place?

1920s during the Jazz Age

The book explores major themes of the Jazz Age, particularly what?

attitudes toward women in society

What other themes does Born to Fly have?

breaking barriers, childhood imagination and defiance of limits, resilience, courage and determination, the pursuit of passion and the pioneering spirit, the role of women in a changing society, and risk versus reward

What books does Steve Sheinkin mainly write?

engaging history books for young readers

Where was Steve Sheinkin born?

Brooklyn, New York

Where did Sheinkin's family move before returning to NYC?

Mississippi and Colorado

As a child, Sheinkin loved what?

action stories and outdoor adventures

As a child, Sheinkin made movies with who?

his younger brother Ari

Sheinkin and his brother Ari dreamed of becoming what?

famous filmmakers

What university did Sheinkin attend?

Syracruse University in New York

What did Sheinkin study at Syracruse?

communications and international relations

What was one of Sheinkin's favorite college experiences?

spending a summer in Nicaragua

What did Sheinkin work on in Nicaragua?

a documentary

After college, where did he move and work?

Washington D.C., The National Audubon Society

Where did Sheinkin and his brother pursue their dream of making movies?

Austin, Texas

When did Sheinkin and his brother make an unsuccessful film "A More Perfect Union"?

1995

What type of film was "A More Perfect Union"?

comedy

After Sheinkin's unsuccessful film, he moved to Brooklyn and worked various jobs while writing _________, _________, and a ___________.

short stories, screenplays, comic strip

What comic strip did Sheinkin write?

The Adventures of Rabbi Harvey

Sheinkin's graphic novel Rabbi Harvey was published when?

2006

Around 2006 when Sheinkin published his first graphic novel, what did he began working for?

an educational publishing company

Working for an educational publishing company, Sheinkin did what?

fact-check and edit history textbooks

What was Sheinkin's full time job?

textbook writing

When did Sheinkin leave textbook writing to work on his own projects?

2008

What was Sheinkin's first non-textbook history book?

King George: What was His Problem?

What set King George apart from textbooks?

it had anecdotes about the American Revolution not usually found in textbooks

What made Sheinkin write historical nonfiction for children?

when he was writing a textbook piece about Lewis and Clark and couldn't include the story of how Clark got shot "in the bum"

What is Sheinkin's work praised for?

making historical information more accessible and engaging

What techniques does Sheinkin use to structure his stories, highlighting his dreams for film making?

screenwriting techniques

What are two of Sheinkin's most notable non-fiction works?

Bomb: The Race to Build-and Steal-the World's Most Dangerous Weapon and Undefeated: Jim Thorpe and the Carlilsle Indian School Football Team

What are notable fiction works of Sheinkin?

Time Twisters and Rabbi Harvey

What is Sheinkin's most recent work?

The Bletchley Riddle

What is The Bletchley Riddle?

a middle grade historical mystery

Who had co-written "The Bletchley Riddle"?

Ruta Sepetys

What are awards that Sheinkin received?

Newbery Honor, three Boston Globe-Horn Book Awards, Sibert Medal and Honor, three National Book Award finalist honors, and the Margaret A. Edwards award

Where does Sheinkin currently live with his family?

Saratoga Springs, New York

What was Pancho Barnes's birthname?

Florence Lowe

When was Pancho Barnes born?

July 22, 1901

Pancho Barnes's grandfather was a _________ in the Civil War.

balloonist

In what event was Barnes's grandfather a balloonist?

Civil War

What did Barnes work as?

a stunt pilot for Hollywood, Bendix air race pilot, and Lockheed test pilot