complex ions and ligands

Give the definition of a ligand

molecule or ions that possess a lone pair of electrons which form coordinate bonds to the transition metal atom or ion.

Explain how complex ions are formed

When ligands form coordinate bonds to the central transition metal ion

define transition metal complex

a central ion surrounded by ligands

coordinate bond

a covalent bond in which both electrons are donated from one atom

what is meant by coordination number?

the number of coordinate bonds from ligands that surround a transition metal ion

Give the name of a chloride ligand

Chloro

Give the name of a cyanide ligand

Cyano

Give the name of a Hydroxide ligand

Hydroxo

Give the name of an oxide ligand

Oxo

Give the name of a water ligand

Aqua

Give the name of an ammonia ligand

Amine

Give the definition of a uni/monodente ligand

A ligand that forms one coordinate bond

Give the definition of a bidente ligand

A ligand that forms two coordinate bonds

Give the definition of a multidente ligand

A ligand that forms several coordinate bond

What is the anion for copper called?

Cuprate

What is the anion for iron called?

Ferate

a complex ion has a 2 coordination number of 2 what is the shape?

Linear

a complex ion has a 4 coordination number of 2 what is the shape?

Square planar or tetrahedral

a complex ion has a 6 coordination number of 2 what is the shape?

Octahedral

Give the factors that affect coordination number

Size of ligands- the bigger the ligand the smaller the coordination number

Size of metal ion- the larger the metal ion the more ligands can fit

Optical isomerism can occur in complex ions in

bidente and mutidente ligands in an octahedral structure.

And form enantiomers

Define enantiomers

Optical isomers with the same structural formula but cannot superimpose each other

Draw the skeletal shape of hexaamminechromium(III), give the bond angles coordination number and oxidation state of the transition metal ion.