Naturally Occurring Fatty Acids (Structure, Properties, and Nomenclature)

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Last updated 5:01 PM on 4/17/26
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17 Terms

1
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<p>General structure of a fatty acid?</p>

General structure of a fatty acid?

CH₃–(CH₂)n–COOH

2
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<p>Natural configuration of double bonds?</p>

Natural configuration of double bonds?

cis

3
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<p>Spacing between double bonds in natural fatty acids?</p>

Spacing between double bonds in natural fatty acids?

Separated by CH2 (methylene gap)

4
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<p>16:0 name + structure</p>

16:0 name + structure

  • Common: Palmitic acid

  • Systematic: n-Hexadecanoic acid

  • CH3(CH2)14COOH

5
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<p>18:0 name + structure</p>

18:0 name + structure

  • Common: Stearic acid

  • Systematic: n-Octadecanoic acid

  • CH3(CH2)16COOH

6
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<p>20:0 name + structure</p>

20:0 name + structure

  • Common: Arachidic acid

  • Systematic: n-Eicosanoic acid

  • CH3(CH2)18COOH

7
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What does “saturated” mean?

No double bonds

8
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<p>16:1 (Δ9) name + structure</p>

16:1 (Δ9) name + structure

  • Common: Palmitoleic acid

  • Systematic: cis-9-Hexadecenoic acid

  • CH3(CH2)5CH=CH(CH2)7COOH

9
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<p>18:1 (Δ9) name + structure</p>

18:1 (Δ9) name + structure

  • Common: Oleic acid

  • Systematic: cis-9-Octadecenoic acid

  • CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH

10
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What does “monounsaturated” mean?
One double bond
11
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<p>18:2 (Δ9,12) name + structure</p>

18:2 (Δ9,12) name + structure

  • Common: Linoleic acid

  • Systematic: cis-,cis—9,12-Octadecadienoic acid

  • CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH

12
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<p>18:3 (Δ9,12,15) name + structure</p>

18:3 (Δ9,12,15) name + structure

  • Common: α-Linolenic acid

  • Systematic: cis-,cis-,cis-,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid

  • CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH

13
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<p>20:4 (Δ5,8,11,14) name + structure</p>

20:4 (Δ5,8,11,14) name + structure

  • Common: Arachidonic acid

  • Systematic: : cis-,cis-,cis-,cis-5,8,11,14-Eicoatetraenoic acid

  • CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)3COOH

14
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What does “polyunsaturated” mean?
More than one double bond
15
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<p>Linoleic vs Linolenic</p>

Linoleic vs Linolenic

  • Linoleic = 18:2

  • Linolenic = 18:3

16
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<p>Which fatty acids are essential?</p>

Which fatty acids are essential?

  • Linoleic acid (18:2)

  • α-Linolenic acid (18:3)

17
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<p>What does “-oleic” indicate?</p>

What does “-oleic” indicate?

One double bond (monounsaturated)