AG Unit 11 Study Guide

Appellant Juricdiction

Occurs if the case is moved to a higher court

Jurisdiction

The authority to hear/decide a case

Original Jurisdiction

The first court that hears the case

Exclusive Jurisdiction

Cases where only federal courts here the cases

Concurrent Jurisdiction

Cases that could fall under both state and federal jurisdiction

Judicial Restraint

When the judge interrupts the Constitution according to its original intent

Judicial Activism

When the judge views the Constitution as an evolving document

Federal district courts

What tier hears most of the court cases?

Civil Court Cases

Civil rights violations and employment statue violations (dealing with money settlements)

Criminal Court Cases

Federal offenses, such as making false statements and taking someone’s mail

In the more serious court cases of the federal district courts, who or what will make the final decision?

A grand jury (16-23 people)

Who nominates the Supreme Court Justices?

The president

Plaintiff

A person who files suit

Defendant

Person whom the caompaint is filed against

Prosecutor

Type of attorneys who provide possibly incriminating evidence against the defendant

Appellate

A panel of three judges make the court case decision in what kind of courts?

Court case that established judicial review

Marbury v Madison

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How may justices must approve to hear a case?

4 out of 9

Briefs

Written arguments in court cases

Written judgement from the Supreme Court that explains why they overturned or supported lower court ruling

Opinion

Must be signed by at least 5 out of 9 Supreme Court Justices

Dissenting Opinion

Agreeing opinions with different reasons

Concurring Opinion

Court case that defined the procedures of due process

Mapp v Ohio

Court case that removed warrant requirement and probable cause for search became reasonable suspicion

Terry v Ohio

Court case that was overturned by President Andrew Jackson's executive order to enforce the Indian Removal Act

Worcester v Georgia

This judge presides over mainly misdemeanor cases and serves typically 8 year terms

Magistrate Judge

Marshals

Provide security, transport criminals, and track down fugitives