English for Academic and Professional Purposes Vocabulary

Flashcards covering the definitions and concepts of academic and professional texts, writing principles, and organizational structures.

Academic

Relating to the academe and/or education, serving as the source of knowledge, learning, skills, values, and habits.

Academic Text

Anything used in schools or classrooms that provides references or evidence to support its claims.

Descriptive Academic Text

A type of academic text that identifies, reports, records, summarizes, and defines facts and information.

Analytical Academic Text

A type of academic text that organizes facts into categories, groups, parts, or relationships to analyze, compare, contrast, relate, and examine.

Persuasive Academic Text

A text including arguments, recommendations, or evaluations of others' work while adding a personal point of view supported by evidence.

Critical Academic Text

A text that requires considering at least two points of view, including the writer's own, for purposes of critique, debate, or disagreement.

Non-Academic Text

Texts written for the mass public, often published quickly by anyone, utilizing informal language, slang, and rarely involving formal research.

Academic Writing

A clear, concise, focused, and structured form of writing backed by evidence, primarily intended to aid the reader's understanding.

Professional Text

Forms of communication written in the workplace meant to accomplish a specific goal, such as business letters, emails, or memos.

Correctness

One of the 5 C's requiring appropriate content, well-organized ideas, parallelism, and accuracy in spelling, grammar, and syntax.

Clarity

A writing principle demanding simple language for easy decoding and comprehension, intended to inform rather than impress readers.

Cliches

Overused expressions like 'a matter of time' or 'time heals all wounds' that should be avoided in academic and professional writing.

Hackneyed Phrases

Stale expressions such as 'first and foremost' or 'each and everyone' that reduce the impact of writing.

Jargons

Technical or specialized language used by specific groups, such as 'ITCZ' or 'AWOL', which may reduce clarity for general readers.

Conciseness

The practice of prohibiting floridity and verbosity while adopting brevity, economy of words, and precision.

Concreteness

The use of specific facts, figures, and dates to be sincere and maintain goodwill.

Courtesy

The careful choice of words to maintain character, composure, and tone, often utilizing magic words and politically correct terms.

Textbooks

Academic texts designed to help learners, varying in style and tone depending on the intended audience.

Thesis

A long text typically containing $10,000$ to $20,000$ words written at baccalaureate and master's levels.

Dissertations

Extensive academic texts containing $60,000$ to $80,000$ words written at the doctoral level.

Case Studies

Primarily descriptive texts found in disciplines like business, sociology, and law.

Reports

Texts found in science, law, and medicine used to describe events, discuss them, and evaluate their importance.

Text Structure

The method by which information is organized in a passage or academic work.

IMRaD

An academic text structure standing for Introduction, Method, Results, and Discussion, known for being plain and unambiguous.

Description Structure

A text structure featuring detailed characteristics to create a mental picture for the reader.

Cause and Effect Structure

A structure presenting causal relationships between specific events, ideas, or concepts.

Comparison and Contrast Structure

A structure that examines similarities and differences between two or more people, events, or ideas.

Order and Sequence Structure

A structure providing a chronological account of events or a list of steps in a procedure.

Problem and Solution Structure

A structure that sets up an issue, explains a way to address it, and discusses the resulting effects.