QPA Exam Review (2026) UPDATE Verified Questions And Answers | Latest Already Graded A+ UPDATE |2026

Responsibility rests with an authorized professional and is not incidental to other functions.

What is a centralized purchasing system?

What is the purpose of the UCC?

To simplify, clarify, and modernize the law governing commercial transaction; to permit the continued expansion of commercial practices through custom, usage and agreement of the parties; and, to make uniform the law among the various jurisdictions

Express authority, implied authority, and apparent authority

What is the three types of authority an agent has?

Competitive sealed bidding, competitive contracting, and competitive quotations.

What are the types of contracts?

Goods and services must be recognized in the Right time, at the right price, in the right quality, in the right quantity, from the right source and in the right manner

What are the 6 R's of purchasing?

communication, cooperation, and coordination

What are the 3 C's?

1) Bid proposals, 2) Requisition, 3) Purchase order, 4) Receiving report, 4) Voucher

What are the basic purchasing forms?

40A:11-1 et seq (short title citation)

What is the Local Public Contracts Law?

Notice to bidders, bid proposal form, consent of surety, acknowledgment of receipt of addenda, stockholder disclosure certification, business registration certificate, and Non-collusion affadavit.

What are some types of forms required in Specifications?

Notice to bidders, bid proposal form, consent of surety, acknowledgment of receipt of addenda, stockholder disclosure certification, business registration certificate, and Non-collusion affadavit

What are some types of forms required in Specifications?

Cooperative pricing, joint purchasing system, county cooperative contract purchasing, and regional cooperative pricing.

What are the different types of purchasing systems?

New Jersey Administrative Code

What does N.J.A.C stand for?

New Jersey Statute annotated

What does N.J.S.A. stand for?

Division of Revenue and Enterprise Services (DORES)

What does DORES stand for?

Remaing amount means the value of similar goods and services that are needed for the remainder of the current year, plus those similar goods and services to be needed in the subsequent contract year.

What is remainning amount?

EUS stands for Extraordinary Unspecifiable Services. 40A:11-6.1

What does EUS stand for and what does it mean?

The right to local self-government to be an absolute right which could not be abridged. Many local governments existed before state governments he argued and therefore, were parallel to the states and should continue for "all time".

What is the Cooley Doctrine?

Dillons Rule provides for strict construction approach of state spremacy over local governmnent.

What is Dillons Rule?

Bouroughs, Commission, Municipal Manager, Townships, Villages, Towns, Cities, Optional Municipal Charter Plans (Faulkner Act).

What are forms of Municipal Government?

Board Form, Optional County Charter Plans, County Manager Plan, County Supervisor Plan, and Board President Plan.

What are forms of N.J. County Governmnet?

Both buyer and seller actng on behalf of their company once goods exchanged and they have a contract. The person agent representing is principal and principal carryying out purchase is agent.

What are the elements of an agency?

The lowest bid substantially exceeds the cost estimate for goods or services, the lowest bid substantially exceeds contracting unit's appropriation for the goods or services, the governing body of the contracting unit decides to abandon the project for provision of performance of goods or services, the contracting unit wants to substantially revise the specificaitons for goods and services, the purposes or provisions of both P.L. 1971, c.198 [40A11-1 et seq] are being violated, and the governing body of the contract pursuant to section 12 of P.L. 1971 , c. 1978 (40a:11-12) unit decides to use the state authorized contract.

What are the reasons to reject a bid?

The lowest bid substantially exceeds the cost estimate for goods or services, the lowest bid substantially exceeds contracting unit's appropriation for the goods or services, the governing body of the contracting unit decides to abandon the project for provision of performance of goods or services, the contracting unit wants to substantially revise the specificaitons for goods and services, the purposes or provisions of both P.L. 1971, c.198 [40A11-1 et seq] are being violated, and the governing body of the contract pursuant to section 12 of P.L. 1971 , c. 1978 (40a:11-12) unit decides to use the state authorized contract.

What are the reasons to reject a bid?

Both buyer and seller acting on behalf of their company. Once goods exchanged then they have a contract. The person undertaking the performance of the act is the "agent."

What are the elements of an agency?

Capable parties, lawful objective, mutual consent, and sufficient cause to contract.

What are the elements of a contract?

Guarantees and Warranties are contract conditions and the guaranty comes before the warranty. The guranty ensures the goods are of at least average quality. The warranty is a promise that goods will be of a certain standard and if not can be remidied by a certain time period.

What are contract conditions?

Purchase order means a document issued by the contracting agent authorizing a purchase transaction with a vendor to provide or perform goods or services to contracting unti.

What is a purchase order?

ADR is Alternate Dispute Resolution. The two most common forms of ADR is mediation and arbitration.

What is ADR is what is two most commonly used forms of ADR?

The recovery of goods by the person claiming to own them, on a promise to test the matter in a court of law and give the goods up again if defeated.

What is replevin?

Means to be able to complete the contract in accordance with its requirements, including but not limited to requirments pertaining to experience, moral integrity, operating capacity, financial capacity, credit, and workforce, equipment, and facilties availibilty

What is a responsible bidder?

Means conforming in all material aspects to the terms and conditions, specifications, legal requirements, and other provisions of the request.

What is responsive bidder?

$17,500.00

Threshold that triggers pay to play compliance is

60

Advertisements for solid waste bids are published for __________ days before bid opening?

$44000

State the current maximum threshold governing body of contracting unit with an appointed QPA can establish

Every 5 yeasrs after no later than March 1.

When can the govenor adjust the bid threshold?

24

Contracts for goods and services can be awarded up to _____ consectuive months

12

Professional services may be awarded for a period not exceeding _________ consecutive months

60

After bids are opened a contracting unit shall award the contrat or reject all bids within such time as may be specified in the invitation to bid, but in no case more than ___________ days

writing

For municipalities, schools, authorities, and counties, all contracts regardless of the amount must be in __________

Yes

Is a Purchase order a contrct

An offer to purchase that becomes a contract when accepted by the vendor

What is a purchase order

Management resource for budget planning and cost containment.

What is public purchasing?

A Blending of views of the two judges.

What is Home Rule?

Allows any local unit and board of chosen Freeholders of any county to appoint a Purchasing Agent.

What does NJSA 40A11-9 and NJSA 40A9-30 do?

Issues public procurment instruction information called Local Finance Notices.

What does the Division of Local Government Services (DLGS)do?

NJSA 40A:11-6 when it affects the health, safety, or welfare requireds for the deleivery of goods or the performace of services.

When can a contract be negotiated or awarded for contracting without public advertisement for bids and bidding?

Competitive sealed bidding, competitive sealed proposal, compeptitive contracting, and competitive competitive negotiations, competitive quotations, Proprietary purchases, emergency purchases, and sole source.

What are the competitive source selection methods?

A lease-purchasing financing agreement is basically a lease-purchasing arrangement between a lessor and a lessee with financing provided by an outside non-contractual third party purchase goods involed in the transaction.

What is a lease purchase agreement?

When the public health, safety, or welfare requires immediate delivery of goods or the performances o serices, procided that the awarding of such contracts...

What constititutes an emergency?

A specification is a concise set of requirements to be satisfied by a product, material, or a process indicating whenever appropriate, the procedure by means of which it may be determined whether the requirements are given or satisfied.

What is a specification?

A charge placed against the appropriation at the time when obligation is incurred.

Encumbrance of Funds?

Technique of studying total cost and the total savings to the organization on each purchase, instead of studying just he price and availbility, value analysis combines the three most important aeas of itrest to purchasing: quality, price and source of supply.

What is value analysis?

Public purchasing is the process of procuring goods and services for public purposes in accordance with law and procedures that are intended to result in the economical expenditure of public funds.

What is Public Purchasing?

Under this form the agreement a contractor agrees to supply goods or perform services for a firmly committed price that is not subject to adjustmet by reason of additional costs incurred by a contractor in the performance of an agreement.

What is firm fixed-price agreements?

Time and material agreements are for the provision of goods or performance of services on the basis of payment for 1) a composite hourly rate or rates which include all elements of ost, general and administrative expense and contractor's profit 2) material at cost. The type of contract does not enxourage effective cost control and it requires constant surveillance by the public entity to assure the inefficinet or wasteful methods are not being used.

What are Time and Material Agreements?

An open end contract (N.J.A.C. 5:30-11-2) means those contracts for which price bids were solicited on a small unit basis becuase exact quaqntities needed were not known at the time bids were sought.

What is an open-end agreement?

Bid proposals or quote forms, the requisition, the purchase order, receiving report, and the voucher.

What are the basic purchasing forms?

Bid rigging involves establishing a predetermined amount of money that bidder will have to exceed in order to win a bidWha

What is bid rigging?

Open Public Records Act

What does O.P.R.A. stand for

Extraordinary Unspecifiable Services are services that are spcecialized and qualitatiave in nature requiring expertise, extensive trainning, and proven reputation in the field of endeavor.

What is EUS?

Annual percentage increase rounded to nearest half percent in implicit price deflator for state and local government purchases for goods and services and it is computed an published by U.S. Departmnt of Commerce

What is Index Rate?

Goods or services of a specialized nature that may be made or marked by a person or persons having exlusive rights to make or sell them. Resolution

What is definition of proprietary? Also, In proprietary services a _____________ is not reqired

What is green purchasing?

What is encumberance of funds?

What are general requirements of Chief Financial Officer (CFO)?

What are the 6 reasons to reject the bid?

What are the mandatory items of a bid?

Quote threshold with a QPA (15% of bid threshold)

$6.600