Metal Ion Testing and Reaction Observations

Flashcards covering the tests, reagents, observations, and ionic equations for Aluminum(III), Copper(II), Iron(II), and Iron(III) complex ions as specified in the lecture notes.

$[Al(H_2O)_6]^{3+}$ with dropwise $\text{NaOH}$

Colourless to white ppt. [Al(H2O)6]3+ + 3OH- = [Al(H2O)3(OH-)3] + 3H20

$[Al(H_2O)_6]^{3+}$ with dropwise with NH3

Colourless to white ppt. [Al(H2O)6]3+ + 3NH3- = [Al(H2O)3(OH-)3] + 3NH4+

$[Al(H_2O)_6]^{3+}$ with excess NaOH

White ppt tha dissolves [Al(H2O)3(OH-)3] + OH- = [Al(H2O)2(OH-)4] + H2O

Reaction of $[Al(H\\_2O)\\_6]^{3+}$ with sodium carbonate (Na2CO3)

The reaction is represented by: $2[Al(H\\_2O)\\_6]^{3+}+3CO_32-\rightarrow2[Al(H_2O)_3(OH)_3]+3CO_2+3H_2O$ .

Observation: A white precipitate of aluminum hydroxide, $[Al(H_2O)_3(OH)_3]$, forms along with the evolution of carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) gas, leading to fizzing.

[Cu(h2o)6]2+ with NaOH dropwise

Blue solution to blue ppt [Cu(H2O)6]3+ + 3OH- = [CuH2O)3(OH-)3] + 3H20

[Cu(h2o)6]2+ with NH3 dropwise

Blue solution to blue ppt[Cu(H2O)6]3+ + 2NH3- = [Cu(H2O)4(OH-)2] + 2NH4+

[Cu(h2o)6]2+ with NH3 excess

Blue solution to dark blue solution [Cu(H2O)4(OH-)2] + 4NH3 = [Cu(H2O)2(NH3)4]2+ + 2H2O + 2OH-

[Cu(h2o)6]2+ with carbonate

Blue solution to blue green ppt [Cu(h2o)6]2+ + CO32- = CuCO3 + 6H2O

[Cu(h2o)6]2+ with HCl

Blue solution to green solution [Cu(h2o)6]2+ +4Cl- = [CuCl4]2- + 6H2O

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ with NaOH dropwise

Green solution to green ppt that turns to a brown ppt when exposed to air. [Fe(H2O)6]2+ +2OH- = [Fe(H2O)4(OH-)2] + 2H2O

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ with NH3 dropwise

Green solution to green ppt that turns to a brown ppt when exposed to air. [Fe(H2O)6]2+ +2NH3= [Fe(H2O)4(OH-)2] + 2NH4+

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ with a carbonate

Green solution to green ppt. [Fe(H2O)6]2+ + CO32-= FeCO3 + 6H2O

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ with HCl

Green solution to yellow solution. [Fe(H2O)6]2+ + 4Cl-= [FeCl4]2- + 6H2O

[Fe(H2O)6]3+ with NaOH dropwise

Purple solution to brown ppt. [Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3OH-= [Fe(H2O)3(OH-)3] + 3H2O

[Fe(H2O)6] 3+ with NH3 dropwise

Purple solution to brown ppt. [Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3NH3= [Fe(H2O)3(OH-)3] + 3NH4+

[Fe(H2O)6] 3+ with excess carbonate

Purple to brown ppt with effervescence. 2[Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3CO32- = 2[Fe(H2O)3(OH-)3] + 3H2O + 3CO2

[Fe(H2O)6] 3+ with HCl

Purple solution to yellow solution. [Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 4Cl- = [FeCl4]- + 6H2O