The Child with Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

These flashcards focus on key vocabulary terms and definitions related to gastrointestinal dysfunctions in children, including development, common disorders, and management strategies.

Gastrointestinal Tract Development

Newborn GI functions are immature, with swallowing as a reflex for the first 3 months, developing voluntary control by 6 months.

Malabsorption

A major consequence of GI dysfunction in children leading to inadequate nutrient absorption.

Cleft Lip and Palate

Congenital conditions caused by incomplete fusion of oral cavity structures during intrauterine life.

Diarrhea

A condition characterized by frequent, loose stools; can be acute or chronic with varying causes and management strategies.

Constipation

Decreased frequency, consistency, or ease of stool passage, which can be idiopathic or secondary to other conditions.

Hirschsprung Disease

A congenital condition characterized by absence of ganglion cells in the colon leading to mechanical obstruction and accumulation of stool.

Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER)

Transfer of gastric contents into the esophagus, which may occur without symptoms of GERD (tissue damage) and is common in infants.

Celiac Disease

An autoimmune condition triggered by gluten leading to enteropathy, malnutrition, and various gastrointestinal symptoms.

Meckel Diverticulum

A remnant of fetal life that can cause rectal bleeding and abdominal pain, more common in children under 2 years old.

Intussusception

A potentially life-threatening condition where one portion of intestine telescopes into another, causing obstruction and pain.