Information Systems Final Review

A set of flashcards covering key concepts and definitions related to Information Systems, suitable for exam preparation.

Information System (IS)

A system that collects, processes, stores, and distributes information to support decision making.

Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)

Systems that manage routine daily operations such as payroll and sales transactions.

Management Information Systems (MIS)

Systems that help managers monitor and control operations through management reports.

Executive Support Systems (ESS)

Systems that assist senior executives in making long-term strategic decisions.

Data vs. Information

Data are raw facts without context, while information is data that has been processed into meaning.

Business Process

A set of logically related tasks performed to achieve a specific business outcome.

Hardware

Physical equipment used by an information system, such as servers and laptops.

Software

Programs that tell hardware what to do.

Data Quality

The accuracy and reliability of data, which is crucial for making correct decisions.

Competitive Advantage

An advantage gained by offering customers greater value, either through lower prices or by providing more benefits.

Value Chain

The full set of activities that create a product/service, where information systems add value.

Information Silos

Isolated systems within an organization that do not communicate with each other.

Enterprise Systems

Integrated software platforms that unify and coordinate business processes across the organization.

ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning)

Software that integrates all internal functions of an organization into a single system.

SCM (Supply Chain Management)

Systems that manage the flow of goods and information from suppliers to customers.

CRM (Customer Relationship Management)

Systems that manage customer data and interactions to improve relationships.

Business Intelligence (BI)

Technologies and practices for collecting, integrating, analyzing, and presenting business data.

Decision-Making Process

A structured approach involving identifying the decision, gathering information, considering alternatives, and reviewing outcomes.

Risk Assessment

The process of identifying potential risks and prioritizing them based on their impact and likelihood.

IT Audit

A review to assess whether an organization's IT systems are secure, efficient, and effective.

CIA Triad

The three core principles of information security: Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability.

Business Process Mapping

A visual representation of the sequence of activities, actors, and decisions involved in completing a business process.

Swim Lane Diagram

A process map that shows the roles or departments responsible for each activity.

Organizational Chart

A diagram that shows the structure of an organization, including roles and reporting relationships.

Network Diagram

A visual representation of how computers and systems are interconnected within an organization.