Unit one chemistry

what are atoms

The building blocks of life

make up everything around us

Particles can be…

molecule, formula unit, atom or ion

Why are mols used for

Atoms and molecules are really tiny, so we use mols to count these small pieces of matter instead

n

= # of mols

N

= # of particles

NA

= Avogadro’s #

what is Matter

anything that takes up space

How many entity does a mol contain

6.02 × 10^23

Why do chemist use molar mass

to bridge the gap between mols and grams by using avogadro’s constant

Is an atom the smallest particle of an element that still holds its element like qualities?

Yes, an bec it still carries the amount of protons that make up that specific element

Why can protons, neutrons, or electrons be considered the smallest particle of an element that still carries it element qualities

Bec protons, neutrons, and electrons on their own are not anything but together they can make up an element

Z

= # of P+

A

= mass # which is # of P+ and N0

What is the neutral atom and how does it occur?

When # of P and # of e are the same amount, since protons have a pos charge and electrons have a neg charge they balance out

What are valance electrons and why are they important

Electrons in the outtermost shell

the help with the atom reach a full valance shell by deciding how to bond

Octet rule

Atoms want full outtermost shells so they will gain or lose electrons

Who gives away electrons

metels bec they have a low amount of valance electrons

who takes electrons

non metels bec they have a greater amount of valance electrons

what are Ions

when a atom gains or loses electrons

Cations + naming

Metals that have lost electrons to become stable

element name + ion

Anion

Non-metals gain electrons to become stable

element name + ide

What are multivalent ions

elements that have multiple charges and it depends on the enviornment that it is for it to gain or loose electrons

How many naming systems are there for multivalent ions

two