classical world

greece
etruria
rome

three nations

aesculapius

the stick with ONE snake curled around it is the staff of (rod of) ______(aslo called as asklepios)

aesculapius 2

the ancient god of medicine

bonus

bonus

caduceus

a short staff entwined by two serpents and sometimes surmounted by wings. in roman incography it was often depicted being carried in the left hand of mercury the messenger of the gods protector of merchants

hippocrates

(father of medicine) believe that problems with the teeth arose from a natural predisposition or an inherited weakness

odontagra

pincers made of iron known as ____ were used to pull teeth

aristotle

(384 B.C)- who followed hippocrates, acurately described extractiopn forceps and in his book De Partibus Animal Culum devoted a complete chapter to the teeth

aristotle 2

also stated figs and soft sweets produce decay. he called it a putrefactive process instead of fermantative

dentes sapientiae

wisdom teeth so called from 1848 (earlier teeth of wisdom 1668(, a lone translation of L. _______, itself a loan transl. of Gk sophronisteres ( used by hippocrates, from sophron “prudent, self controlled”), so called because they usually appear ages 17-25, when person reaches adult hood

etruscans

long before the days of rome’s greatness, italy was the home of people far advanced in civilization- the ____ or tyrrhenians

etruscans 2

the first use of dental appliances or bridges comes from the _____ from as early as 700 BC

wealth

whose masterful goldworkers made gold dental bridges for women so they could show off thier ____

tooth ablation

some etruscan women wwould have their incisors removed ( a process called _____ or evulsion) so they could be fitted with the gold

gold dental work

450 BCE, ROMAN LAWS OF THE TWELVE TABLES containing the earliest record of dentistry in ancient rome and the pemission to bury the dead with the _______ with which the teeth may be bound together

bones
eggshells
oyster shells

700-500 BCE the romans used _____, _____, and _____ with oils to cleanse the teeth

celsus

(Aulus Cornelius Celsus) wasa roman encyclopedist, known for his extant medical work de medicina

de medicina

which is believed to be the only surviving section of a much larger encyclopedist

diet
pharmacy
surgery

the de medicina is the primary source on ____,_____,___ and related fields and it is one of the best sources of concerning medical knowledge in the roman world

celsus 2

the earliest to mention the filling of teeth with lint or lead

galen

prince of physicians- his treaties wasa standard textbook for centuries

nerves of the teeth

galen was the earliest to mention the _____

bonus

bonus

humoral theory

this theory held that the human body was filled with four bais substances, called four humor which are balance when a perosn is healthy: black bile, yellow bilem phlegm and blood

black bile
yellow bile
phlegm
blood

what are the four basic substances of humoral theory