Physiology of Exercise - Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to anabolic-androgenic steroids, their effects, usage, and associated health risks.

Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids

Synthetic derivatives of testosterone used to promote muscle growth and enhance athletic performance.

Muscle Protein Synthesis

The process by which cells build proteins, crucial for muscle growth and repair.

Steroid Hormone Synthesis Pathway

The biochemical pathways involved in the production of steroid hormones from cholesterol.

Adverse Effects of Steroid Abuse

Negative health outcomes associated with the misuse of anabolic steroids, including cardiovascular issues and liver damage.

Stacking

The practice of combining multiple anabolic steroids to enhance effects and mitigate side effects.

Cycling

A method of steroid usage where individuals alternate periods of taking steroids with periods of abstinence.

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

An androgenic steroid derived from testosterone, involved in the development of male characteristics.

Human Growth Hormone (HGH)

A hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and regeneration in humans, often misused by athletes.

Gynecomastia

The condition of enlarged breast tissue in males, often caused by hormonal imbalances including steroid use.

Acromegaly

A disorder caused by excess growth hormone, leading to abnormal growth of bones and tissues, particularly in adults.

Cortisol

A hormone produced by the adrenal glands that regulates metabolism and immune responses; can affect muscle breakdown.

Testosterone

The primary male sex hormone responsible for the development of male reproductive tissues and promoting secondary sexual characteristics.

Cardiovascular Complications

Health issues related to heart and blood vessels, which can be exacerbated by steroid abuse.

Hypogonadal

A condition in which the body produces insufficient sex hormones, often requiring treatment with testosterone.

Androgenic Effects

Effects related to the development of male physical characteristics due to the influence of androgens like testosterone.

Psychological Disturbances

Mental health issues that may arise from steroid abuse, including aggression and mood swings.