practice test 1 review nha

home health

specific types of care provided to those who cannot leave their home easily

-must be prescrubed and overseen by a provider

-ordered for set period based on acute event

patient centered medical home

PCP coordinates treatment to ensure patients receive the required care when and where they need it and in a way they can understand

-team based approach to health care

value based plans

A payment model where providers are paid based on the quality of care and patient outcomes, not just the number of services performed.

managed care

plans tha provide health care in return for preset scheduled payments and coordinated care through a defined network of providers and hospitals

capitation

A payment method where providers are paid a fixed amount per patient per month (PMPM)—regardless of how many services the patient uses.

health maintenance organization

contracts with a medical center to provide preventative and acute care for the insured person, require referrals

preferred provider organization

more flexibility, insured person can go directly to specialist without referral, in network usually costs less but not required

point of service plan

cost depends on whether providers are in the plan’s panel, can self refer to specialists

ancillary services

meet a specific medical need for a particular population ex. urgent care, lab services, diagnostic imaging, occupational therapy, physical therapy, complementary therapies

medical asepsis

clean technique, used daily in every clinical setting, goal is to reduce the number of pathogenic micro-organisms and prohibit their growth

-does not provide for a complete pathogen free environment but greatly reduces their numbers and ability to continue chain of infection

surgical asepsis

complete removal of all micro-organisms and must be used during invasive procedures

-goal is to eliminate micro-organisms from entering the body

sterilization

destroys all microorganisms (including spores) so no life remains ex. autoclave, used for surgical instruments and anything entering sterile body areas

disinfection

kills most microorganisms but not spores, sommonly uses bleach and other surface cleaners, used for non-invasive equipment and surfaces

sanitization

reduces number of microbes to lower level

sinus arrest

a break in the normal EKG, SA node failed to fire

atrial flutter

a single area is firing at a rate fadter than the rate the ventricles are responding to

-multiple waves for each QRS complex

atrial fibrillation

rapid, disorganized firing in multiple sites

-lots of fibrillatory waves between QRS complexes

-increased risk of developing blood clots, blood thinners may be prescribed

v tach

regular, fast rhythm characterized by large, irregular, wide QRS complexes on the EKG

-p waves typically absent

-caused by single area in ventricles firing outside of normal conduction pathway

ventricular fibrillation

abnormal heart rhythm where ventricles twitch or quiver, not pumping blood to the rest of the body

somatic tremor

irregular spikes throughout the tracing related to muscle movement

AC interference

regular spikes in the EKG, related to poor grounding or external electricity interfering

wandering baseline

movement associated with breathing or poor electrode connection, clear the skin before attaching the electrodes and instruct the patient to avoid using creams and lotions

interrupted baseline

break in tracing, disconnected or broken lead wire

durable power of attorney

legal document naming a health care agent or proxy to make medical decisions for patients when they are not able to do so

1st draw

blood culture

2nd draw

light blue tube, used for coagulation, contrains sodium citrate

3rd draw

red, no additive, used for serum

4th draw

gold/ tiger top, gel + clot activator, used for chemistries

5th draw

green, used for plasma tests, heparin

6th draw

lavender, EDTA, used for hematology/ CBC

7th draw

gray, sodium fluoride, used for glucose

ekg box size

1 large box = 0.5 mV vertical

1 small box = 0.04 sec

snellen test

measures clarity of vision

jaegar chart

near vision

ishihara

color vision

systolic

top number, when heart contracts, first sound you hear, clear tapping

diastolic

bottom number, heart relaxes and refills, when sound disappears

when do you recieve hpv vaccine

age 9

allergies

verify at every visit

autoclave temp

250-270 F

Underweight BMI

A BMI less than 18.5.

Normal weight BMI

A BMI ranging from 18.5 to 24.9.

Overweight BMI

A BMI ranging from 25 to 29.9.

Obesity Class I BMI

A BMI ranging from 30 to 34.9.

Obesity Class II BMI

A BMI ranging from 35 to 39.9.

Obesity Class III BMI

A BMI of 40 or greater.

normal blood sugar

under 100

pre diabetic blood sugar

100-125

dibaetic blood sugar

over 125

wave scheduling

multiple patients at same time

modified wave scheduling

• Several patients at the start of the hour

• Time left open at end for catch-up

cluster scheduling

group similar appointments together

mandated reporting of communicable diseases

measles, tuberculosis, STI

capillary puncture

middle or ring finger

diagnosis codes

based on reason for visit

procedure codes

based on what services were provided

stages of grief

anger, denial, bargaining, depression, acceptance

vitamin a

night vision, cell growth and maintenance, health of skin

vitamin d

calcium absorption, bone and tooth health, heart and nerve function

vitamin e

protectoin of cells, formation of blood cells

vitamin k

blood clotting, bone growth

vitamin b1

carbohydrate metabolism, heart, nerve, and muscle function

vitamin b2

fat and protein metabolism

vitamin b3

carbohydrate and fat metabolism

vitamin b6

enzyme assistance and amino acid synthesis

patient protection and affordable care act

this federal

statute was a major step in health care

reform by expanding access to more

affordable, quality health insurance,

increasing consumer insurance protection,

emphasizing prevention and wellness, and

curbing rising health care co

sts

health insurance portability and accountability act of 1996 HIPAA

gives patients rights over their

health information and sets rules and limits

on who can look at and receive patients’

private information

hipaa privacy rule

limits who can access patient health info

hipaa security rule

protects elecrtonic patient health info

the emergency medical treatment and active labor act

requires any hospital

emergency department that receives

payments from federal health care

programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid,

to provide an appropriate medical

screening to any patient seeking

treatment. This was enacted to elimina

te

“patient dumping,” where a facility would

transfer a patient based on a potentially

high

-

cost diagnosis or refuse to treat a

patient based on their ability to pay. This

legislation requires the emergency

department to determine whether a

condition is em

ergent or not and to

provide stabilizing treatment in the case of

an emergency medical condition. It does

not require that treatment be given for

nonemergency conditions. Furthermore,

outpatient clinics are not medically

equipped to handle emergencies and

therefore are not bound

good samaritan act

Allows bystanders to get involved in

emergency situations without fear that they

will be sued if their actions inadvertently

contribute to a person’s injury or death

full block format

all lines are flush with the left margin

modified block format

the address and body are left justified, and the rest start at the center of the document with indented paragraphs

simplified format

the information is left justified and it does not include a salutation or complimentary closing

american red cross

disaster relief

needed for claim

current procedural terminology code (CPT)

drug test temperature

32-38 C (90-100 F)