Management Information Systems module 1 topic 1

Information system

A system made up of hardware, software, data, people, and process that work together to collect, process, store, and distribute information.

Hardware

The physical parts of computing devices that can be touched, such as desktop computers, laptops, mobile phones, and storage devices.

Binary

The base-two numbering system used by computers, where each column represents a power of two.

Bit

A binary digit, representing either a one ("on") or a zero ("off").

Byte

A group of eight bits.

64-bit processor

A processor that can process 64 bits of data at a time.

Moore's Law

The observation that the number of transistors on a chip doubles every two years, leading to an increase in computing power.

CPU

The central processing unit, or the "brains" of a computing device that carries out commands and processes data.

Hertz

The unit of measurement for the speed of a CPU, representing one cycle per second.

Motherboard

The main circuit board of a computer that connects the CPU, memory, storage, and other components.

RAM

Random-access memory, the working memory of a computer that stores data for processing.

Hard disk

A storage device used for long-term data storage in personal computers.

Solid-state drive (SSD)

A storage device that uses flash memory instead of spinning disks, providing faster access to data.

Removable media

Storage media that can be inserted into and removed from a computer, such as floppy disks and USB flash drives.

Network connection

The ability of a personal computer to connect to a digital network, enabling data transfer and communication.

Input devices

Components that allow users to input data into a computer, such as keyboards, mice, scanners, and microphones.

Output devices

Components that deliver output from a computer to the user, such as displays, speakers, and printers.

Computer speed

The speed of a computer is determined by hardware components such as the CPU, motherboard, RAM, and hard disk.

CPU Clock speed

The time it takes to complete a circuit, measured in gHz.

Motherboard Bus speed

How much data can move across the bus simultaneously, measured in mHz.

RAM Data transfer rate

The time it takes for data to be transferred from memory to the system, measured in MB/s.

RAM Access time

The time it takes before the disk can transfer data, measured in ms.

Hard Disk Data transfer rate

The time it takes for data to be transferred from the disk to the system, measured in MBit/s.