Philosophy of Morality and Belief Systems

Flashcards covering key concepts from the philosophy of morality and belief systems as presented in the lecture.

Belief

A habit that guides action and arises from the resolution of doubt.

Moral Judgments

Driven by intuition, not reasoning.

Morality

Based on sentiment and sympathy, not reason.

Inequality

Arises from multiple interacting causes, not a single factor.

Value

Originates in 'mattering' and is always contextual.

Scientific Method

The only reliable way to fix belief.

Reasoning

Post hoc justification for intuitive judgments.

Norm Circles

Enforce socially constructed norms.

Moral Dumbfounding

Shows judgment without reasoning.

Disparate Impact

Wrongly assumes all disparities are discrimination.

Niche Construction

Shapes morality through environments.

Sympathy in Morality

Reinforces useful behavior socially.

Method of Tenacity

Works because people avoid social interaction.

False Authority

Fails because beliefs cannot be controlled across all societies.

Naturalistic Fallacy

Deriving ought from is.

Confirmatory Reasoning

Justifying existing beliefs.

WEIRD Societies

Emphasize relationships over individuals.

Type Ib Discrimination

Uses group-level assumptions.

Cognitive Technologies

Shape how we think and act.

Niche-dependent Normativity

Depends on culture.

Maximin

Prioritizes the worst-off.

Normative Reasons

Justifications for actions.

Distributive Justice

Focused on outcomes.

Procedural Justice

Focused on fair process.

Multi-factor Theory

Emphasizes multiple interacting causes.

Type Ia Discrimination

Involves relevant distinctions.

Naturalistic Fallacy (correctly stated)

Deriving is from ought.

Pattern of Conflict in Outcomes

Arises from competing values.