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1st domain of athletic training
Injury
educating and managing risk for safe performance and function
2nd domain of athletic training
clinical evaluation
implementing standard evaluation techniques and formulating clinical in press ion for determination of course of action
3rd domain of athletic training
Emergency care
employing standard care and communicating outcomes for efficient and appropriate care
4th domain of athletic training
Treatment/rehab
reconditioning participants for performance
5th domain of athletic training
Organizational
understanding to approved organizational and professional practices to ensure individual and org. well being
Who do athletic trainers work with?
Under physician's supervision
How many states require licensed AT?
48 states + the District of Columbia
Which state doesn't require Athletic trainers to be licensed?
California
Why is the term "athletic trainer" a misnomer?
AT provide medical services to all types of people, not just athletes
What is the process of the scientific method?
Research~> Hypothesis -> Experiment -> Data& collection~> conclusion
Kanazawa view on scientific proof
There is no such thing as scientific proof as proof is in math and logic
Difference between research hypothesis and null hypothesis?
Research hypothesis ( H1)
Null hypothesis (H0) - hypothesis states there is no relationship between two population parameters
Difference between quantitative and qualitative methods?
Qualitative method-collecting and analyzing non numerical data to understand concepts, opinions, or experiences
Quantitative method- focuses on the numerical data using statistics models, relationships among studied variables
How to calculate mean?
add up all scores or values in a data set and dividing this figure by the total number of scores there are
How to find null hypothesis?
How to calculate standard deviation
1. calculate mean using x values from data set
2. subtract mean from each data point to get x'
3. calculage difference between x and x' for each data point
4. square the difference for each data point
5. sum the square values of the differences
6. divide sum by n-1
7. take sq. root of previous step
Normal distribution is important because?
Center limit theorem: in common scenarios anytime a bunch of things are added up.... A normal distribution is going to result
t-test
a statistic that compares two means to see whether they could come from the same population
T-test T-value formula

ANOVA
Analysis Of Variance - btwn means of 3 or more groups
How to calculate ANOVA?
formulate hypothesis
-set a significance level
-compute F statistic to derive p value
-compare p value and significance level to decide whether to reject the null hypothesis
what is biometrics?
Study of motion and forces that cause those motions
How is biometrics applied?
Mechanical principles for how organisms physical body and ability to carry out functions
What is the functions of biometrics ?
To pursue purposes of goals
- how we produce forces to generate, slow down or maintain movement during physical activities
What is biometrics structure?
How forces affect our body tissues
- help in functioning when breathing, running, eating, texting
What are Kinetics?
Cause of motions
- action of forces in producing motion
body responds when force is applied
What is kinematic?
Breach of physics that documents motion
using equations of motions
What is force?
a push or pull on an object
- needed to maintain health of body structures
contact force
Acts on body directly through a medium
What are the four types of contact force?
Frictional
spring
muscular
normal force
What is a non-contact force?
Act through a space without direct contact on body
What are the types of non contact force?
Magnetic force
gravitational force
electrostatic force
Newton's Laws of Motion
INCLUDES 3 LAWS.
1. AN OBJECT AT REST WILL REMAIN AT REST UNLESS ACTED UPON BY AN (UNBALANCED) FORCE, AND AN OBJECT IN MOTION WILL CONTINUE TO STAY IN MOTION WITH THE SAME SPEED AND IN THE SAME DIRECTION UNLESS ACTED UPON BY AN (UNBALANCED) OUTSIDE FORCE. (THIS LAW IS ALSO CALLED "INERTIA")
2. ACCELERATION IS PRODUCED WHEN A FORCE ACTS ON MASS AND THE GREATER THE MASS OF THE OBJECT BEING ACCELERATED, THE GREATER THE AMOUNT OF FORCE NEEDED TO ACCELERATE THAT OBJECT.
3. FOR EVERY ACTION, THERE IS AN EQUAL AND OPPOSITE REACTION.
how to calculate force
Force = mass x acceleration
How to calculate mass?
density x volume
weight/ gravity
How to calculate acceleration?
change in velocity/change in time
Application of Biometrics
1st
Improve movement techniques for sport performance
ex: gymnastics landing
Application of Biometrics
2nd
Improve equipment for helmets, shoes, braces, pads
Application of Biometrics
3rd
Prevent injury through rule changes, equipment changes, environmental changes
ex: turf instead of real grass
Application of Biometrics
4th
Guide rehabilitation and treatment
ex: improve functions post injury, improve mobility
What careers for biomechanists are available?
-Researcher
-clinical biomechanics
-performance enhancement specialist
-ergonomist of human factors engineer
-forensic biomechanics
What are the research tools biomechanics use?
Motion
force
computer modeling and simulations
Motion
Camera, mocap, video, smartphones
Force
Transducers, platforms, EMG
transducers- asses forces in specific tissues or areas of the body
EMG can determine force output for paralysis
Computer modeling and simulations
Making numerical data into visual
- vectors, multi variable calculus data
* can create hypothetical simulations
Coaching and sports education
What is pedagogy?
the art and science of teaching children
What is sport pedagogy?
teaching physical education
Key Evidence-Based Practice Pedagogical
1st
Active learning time
appropriate practice time for students
MOST IMPORTANT
2nd
Effective class management
important to set expectations
3rd
Assessment
essential for physical education
4th
Feedback
clear specific and immediate
Why does teacher coach conflict occur?
Due to placing priority on coaching rather than teaching
What are differences between P.E teachers, sport instructors and sport coaches?
PE teachers:
responsibilities are typica,
Sport instructors
responsibilities: more time with instructional responsibilities
time spent: more time with novices
Sport coaches
responsibilities: more time on supplemental with higher skilled athletes
What are the similarities between P.E teachers, sport instructors and sport coaches?
Instructional activities designed to alter knowledge attitude and behavior with respect to physical activities
What are the three settings of coaching and instructing?
Community
institutional
commercial
Community coaching
Non profit programs recreation
- YMCA YWCA
volunteer coaches focus on winning not fair play or inclusion
Institutional coaching
High school/ middle school
disability detention military
college and uni settings understand diffs in NCAA and commercial who pressure in winning
Commercial coaching
Private camps or clubs
for hire by elite athletes
arenas, stadium practice facilities like tennis
The roles and careers for coaches
1st
Community PA program and youth sport leaders
sport instructor, many jobs, $
The roles and careers for coaches
2nd
Professional sport instructors
sport instructor, few jobs,$$$
The roles and careers for coaches
3rd
Strength and conditioning coaches
sport instructor, moderate jobs or coach, $$
The roles and careers for coaches
4th
Youth sport coaches
sport instructor, many jobs, $
The roles and careers for coaches
5th
Coaching in institutional setting
sport coach, many jobs, $
The roles and careers for coaches
6th
Coaching in pro sport
sport coach, few jobs, $$$
What are the two reasons coaches have scandals?
1. lack of certification and explicitly requirements to make coaches follow ethical guidelines
2. Characteristics that commercialize sport encourage cheating, violence, anti social behavior
Sports Management
The study and practice of all people, activities, businesses, or organizations involved in producing, facilitating, promoting, or organizing any sport-related business or product
Application of sports management
Careers in other physical activity sphere
What are the 3 programs for sports management?
Recreation: after greater depth in terms of recreational programming and related considerations
Sport- tourism: how to develop and manage sports
related travel opportunities and determine effects
Sport-management: tend to focus on sports specific application of business principles like management
- for profit and non-profit settings
What are settings for sports management?
Sport entertainment
-> all major sport orgs from pro to Olympics, college to high school
support services:
-> sporting goods and services
manufacturing, Event management
distributing Insurance
retail outlets Communications and information
sports participation
for profit
non profit : boy girls club
What are the 7 different roles in sport management?
1st
Event
sponsorship And security
What are the 7 different roles in sport management?
2nd
Financial
Accounting and budgeting
What are the 7 different roles in sport management?
3rd
Human resource
hiring/ training & labor relations
What are the 7 different roles in sport management?
4th
Risk management
compliance
What are the 7 different roles in sport management?
5th
marketing
product development and promotion
What are the 7 different roles in sport management?
6th
Public relations
media relations and customer relations
What are the 7 different roles in sport management
7th
Programs
Scheduling and facilities& equipment
What are e-sports. Where exactly are they getting money from?
Def: sport video game
gained popularity
contributes to sport spectatorship
Money
revenue
purse
sponsorship
investments
What are the 4 areas of knowledge for AT?
Theoretical kinesiology, physical activity
, professional practice, workplace
Characteristics of AT
-Master complex skills
-possess cognitive, perceptual, interpersonal sksills
-perform service
-Granted monopoly by communicating to supply certain services
-guided by ethical codes
-meet expectations prescribed by professional subcultures
What are the differences between mechanical and social trustee?
Mechanical: market driven professionalism
social trustee: civic professional
your personal values that you bring to work will determine goal and method of operation as a professional
What are the general decisions you can make for a better future?
Early engagement in field
- early identification with field
- engage in uni life
volunteer as it will be a easy to get access in your field
working on personal weakness
commitment to future
do good in academics
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