Chemistry Unit 2.1 (copy)

Pure substance

A substance that cannot be further broken down or purified by physical means and has its own characteristic properties.

Mixture

A combination of two or more pure substances in which each substance retains its own composition and properties.

Homogeneous mixture

A type of mixture that has uniform composition and properties, with the components spread out evenly throughout.

Heterogeneous mixture

A type of mixture that has varying composition and properties, with the components distinguishable from each other and visually distinct.

Solution

A homogeneous mixture in which one component is uniformly dissolved and scattered in another component, resulting in a consistent appearance and composition throughout.

Suspension

A heterogeneous mixture in which the solute particles do not dissolve, but get suspended throughout the bulk of the solvent when left undisturbed, forming distinct layers.

Colloid

A heterogeneous mixture in which microscopically dispersed particles are suspended throughout another substance, with particles larger than those in a solution but smaller than those in a suspension.

Tyndall effect

The scattering of light by colloidal particles, which can be used to differentiate colloids from solutions and suspensions.

Liquid solutions

Are solutions wherein the solvent is in the liquid phase. It is the most common type of solution.

Solid solutions

Are solutions wherein the solvent is in the solid phase

Solvent

Is the one that is more abundant in solutions.

Solute

Is the component present in less amount in a solution. It is the substance being dissolved.

Gaseous colloids

Are colloids having the dispersing medium in the gaseous phase. The dispersed phase particle can either be a solid or a liquid.

Solid aerosol

Is formed when the dispersed phase is a solid. Example: smoke

Liquid colloids

Are colloids having the dispersing medium in the liquid phase.

Liquid sol

A solid disperse phase suspended in a liquid is called a

Solid colloids

Are colloids having the dispersing medium in the solid phase. A gas, liquid, or another solid can act as the dispersed phase.

Brownian motion

Is the random movement of particles suspended in gas or liquid.