Nematodes

Ascaris lumbricoides common name

Human roundworm

Enterobius vermicularis common name

Pinworm

Trichuris trichiura common name

Whipworm

Strongyloides stercoralis common name

Threadworm

Trichinella spiralis common name

Porkworm

Anisakis spp

common name

Seal worm

Dracunculus medinensis common name

Guinea worm

Loa loa common name

African eye worm

Onchocerca volvulus disease

River blindness

Ascaris infective stage

Embryonated egg

Ascaris diagnostic stage

Eggs in stool

Ascaris life cycle migration

Intestine to liver, heart, lungs, then swallowed

Ascaris adult site

Small intestine

Ascaris egg morphology

Thick shell with corticated mammillated outer coating

Ascaris symptoms

Abdominal pain, weight loss, vomiting, loose stool

Ascaris pulmonary symptoms

Cough, wheezing, dyspnea

Enterobius infective stage

Embryonated egg

Enterobius diagnostic stage

Eggs or adults in perianal area

Enterobius hallmark symptom

Perianal itching at night

Enterobius egg morphology

Ovoid and flattened on one side

Enterobius diagnosis

Scotch tape test or pinworm paddle

Trichuris infective stage

Embryonated egg

Trichuris diagnostic stage

Eggs in stool

Trichuris adult morphology

Slender anterior end and thick posterior end

Trichuris egg morphology

Lemon-shaped egg with terminal plugs

Trichuris symptoms

Bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, rectal prolapse, anemia

Hookworm infective stage

Filariform larva

Hookworm diagnostic stage

Eggs in stool

Hookworm transmission

Larvae penetrate skin

Hookworm adult site

Small intestine

Hookworm major disease

Iron deficiency anemia

Necator americanus distinguishing feature

Curved cutting plates

Ancylostoma duodenale distinguishing feature

Pairs of teeth

Hookworm eggs

Species cannot be differentiated by egg morphology

Strongyloides infective stage

Filariform larva

Strongyloides diagnostic stage

Rhabditiform larvae in stool

Strongyloides unique feature

Autoinfection and free-living cycle

Strongyloides treatment

Ivermectin or thiabendazole

Rhabditiform larvae

Thick rod-shaped noninfective larvae

Filariform larvae

Slender infective larvae

Trichinella transmission

Eating undercooked pork

Trichinella diagnostic methods

Serology or muscle biopsy

Trichinella hallmark symptoms

Myalgias, periorbital edema, eosinophilia, fever

Anisakis transmission

Raw seafood containing larvae

Anisakis pathology

Larvae penetrate gastric mucosa

Dracunculus symptom

Painful ulcer with worm emerging through skin

Wuchereria bancrofti morphology

Sheathed microfilariae with nuclei not extending to tail tip

Brugia malayi morphology

Sheathed microfilariae with two terminal nuclei

Loa loa morphology

Sheathed microfilariae with nuclei extending to tail tip

Onchocerca morphology

Unsheathed microfilariae with no nuclei at tail tip

Mansonella morphology

Unsheathed microfilariae with no nuclei at tail tip

Wuchereria disease

Elephantiasis and lymphangitis

Loa loa disease

Calabar swellings and eye migration

Onchocerca vector

Blackfly or buffalo gnat

Loa loa vector

Deerfly or mango fly

Dirofilaria immitis vector

Mosquito