LBJ Notes

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32 Terms

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Voting Rights Act of 1965

Legislation that eliminated literacy tests and authorized federal supervision of elections in Southern districts.

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Black Power

A movement that emphasized racial pride and self-determination for African Americans, seeking to recover cultural roots and identity.

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Nation of Islam

A religious movement advocating complete separation from white society, with Malcolm X as a prominent figure.

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Black Panthers

A political organization that called for black community empowerment, known for its militant stance.

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De facto segregation

Racial separation that occurs without legal requirement, often seen in housing and employment.

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The Great Society

A set of domestic programs launched by President Johnson aimed at eliminating poverty and racial injustice.

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Tonkin Gulf Resolution

A congressional resolution passed in 1964 that gave President Johnson the authority to expand the Vietnam War.

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Domino Theory

The geopolitical theory that if one country fell to communism, neighboring countries would follow.

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Escalation

The increase of military forces and tactics in a conflict, notably used by Johnson in Vietnam.

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Tet Offensive

A massive surprise attack by North Vietnamese forces in 1968 that challenged U.S. perceptions of the Vietnam War.

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Hawks and Doves

Hawks support military intervention in Vietnam; Doves oppose it and advocate for peace.

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Youth Counterculture

A cultural movement in the 1960s characterized by rebellion against traditional norms, often associated with the hippie movement.

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Vatican II

The Second Vatican Council that initiated major changes in the Catholic Church's practices and ecumenism.

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Marking the War Home

The juxtaposition of public opinion on the Vietnam War as it conflicted with domestic social movements.

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Praxis

The process of putting theory into practice, significant in activist movements during the 1960s.

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Civil Rights Act

Legislation that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

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Soul Music

A genre that originated from African American cultural expression, emphasizing themes of black pride and social justice.

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Elementary and Secondary School Act

A law providing federal funds to improve educational quality, especially in low-income areas.

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Medicare and Medicaid

Healthcare programs established in the 1960s to provide medical assistance to the elderly and the poor.

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Free Speech Movement

A student protest movement in the 1960s advocating for the right to free speech at U.S. colleges.

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Civil Disobedience

The active refusal to obey certain laws as a form of protest against perceived injustice.

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Gideon v. Wainwright

A Supreme Court case that established the right to legal counsel for defendants unable to afford an attorney.

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Engle v. Vitale

A Supreme Court decision that ruled mandatory school prayer unconstitutional.

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Griswold v. Connecticut

A Supreme Court case that struck down laws banning contraception, establishing a right to privacy.

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Baker v. Carr

A Supreme Court case that established the principle of 'one person, one vote' in legislative apportionment.

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Ecumenism

The movement promoting unity among different Christian denominations.

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Chicano Movement

A civil rights movement in the 1960s advocating for the rights of Mexican Americans.

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The Other America

A book by Michael Harrington highlighting poverty in the U.S. and the need for social reform.

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Operation Rolling Thunder

An extensive bombing campaign during the Vietnam War aimed at damaging North Vietnam's war effort.

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Los Angeles Riots

Civil disturbances often stemming from racial tensions, significant in discussions on civil rights and urban policy.

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Black Lives Matter

A contemporary movement highlighting systemic racism against African Americans and advocating for justice.

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Mood Altering Drugs

Substances that impact mental states, extensively used in youth counterculture during the 1960s.