immuno lab 8

Innate Immunity

A non-specific, immediate, and fast defense system that includes physical barriers like the skin, chemicals in the blood, and phagocytic cells. It is typically activated by chemotaxis

Acquired/Adaptive Immunity

An antigen-specific defense system with a slower response time that utilizes antibodies and memory cells. It is activated by antigen presentation

Lysozymes

Also known as muramidase or N-acetylmuramide glycanhydrolase, these are glycoside hydrolase enzymes that act as non-specific innate defenders. They are found in secretions such as saliva, tears, breast milk, and mucus.

Peptidoglycan

A polysaccharide composed of N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid that forms a rigid bacterial cell wall. It creates a highly polar barrier to block hydrophobic compounds

Beta(1→4) Linkage

The specific chemical bond within peptidoglycan that lysozymes break to destroy the bacterial cell wall

concentration, and diameter, respectively.

when making a standard curve, lysozyme ___ goes on the x axis, __ of lysis goes on y, and a linear curve can be made from there

Micrococcus lysodiektius

*All plates will contain ___, a gram positive bacteria, seeded in the agarose

thick,exposed, and teichoic acids, respectively.

The main difference is that Gram-positive bacteria have a ___, ___ peptidoglycan layer containing ___, whereas Gram-negative bacteria possess a much thinner peptidoglycan layer protected by a complex outer membrane

25, 37, respectively.

saliva samples are loaded into wells at ___ ul and incubated at ___ degrees celsius