Anatomy cardiovascular system

What are the functions of the cardiovascular system?

Transportation of materials (nutrients/oxygen/waste)

Immune protection (WBC)

Homeostasis (regulation of temp/ph/water content)

Function of veins

Carries blood toward body from heart

Function of capillaries

Smallest blood vessels where exchange of materials occur

function of RBC

Cells carrying oxygen

function of WBC

Provide protection

Function of Platelets

Have protein that clot blood when there’s a cut

Function of Plasma

Liquid parts of blood that contains rest of materials

Function of arteries

Carries blood away from heart to body

What is the name of the protective layer that surrounds the heart

pericardium

what does pericardial fluid do for the heart?

provides lubrication when heart beats

parts of oxygenated blood

parts of deoxygenated blood

describe location of heart to body

left of center behind body of sternum

what is the difference between systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation

systemic= from heart to body

pulmonary= from heart to lungs

starting with SA Node what happens when heart beats?

SA start to action potential (AP) causes atria to contract. AV node (gatekeeper) receives AP and delays the signal. AP sent to Bundle of His, which sends AP towards apex. AP picked up by Purkinjie Fibers causing ventricles to contract

Difference between Systolic and diastolic pressure

Systolic: arterial pressure when the ventricles contract

Diastolic: arterial pressure between contracts

Importance of one way valves?

maintain proper flow in one direction; prevents backflow

Where are one way valves found?

heart and veins

what do u call a sudden increase in AP to stage 3 hypertension?

hypertensive crisis

what type of muscle cell makes up the heart? what allows them to easily communicate?

cardiac muscle; intercalated discs

why are arteries thicker than veins?

they need to withstand more pressure than veins since the heart needs to push blood out into arteries

what range of BP is NORMAL?

<120/ 80

What range of BP is ELEVATED?

120-129/<80

range of BP for STAGE 1

130-139/ 80-89

range of BP for stage 2

140+/ 90+

range of BP for STAGE 3

180/120

what is the name of the process that makes blood cells?

hematopoiesis

what is the name of oxygen carrying protein found inside of RBCs?

hemoglobin

What antigens are found in O-neg

none

What antigens are found in O-pos

Rh

What antigens are found in A-neg

A- antigen

What antigens are found in A- pos

A-antigen + Rh

What antigens are found in B- neg

B-antigen

What antigens are found in B-pos

B-antigen + Rh

What antigens are found in AB-neg

A & B antigen

What antigens are found in AB-pos

A & B antigens + Rh

what antibodies will people with O-neg make?

Anti A & B

what antibodies will people with O-pos make?

Anti A & B

what antibodies will people with A- neg make?

Anti B

what antibodies will people with A-pos make?

Anti B

what antibodies will people with B-neg make?

Anti A

what antibodies will people with B-pos make?

Anti A

what antibodies will people with AB-neg make?

none

what antibodies will people with AP-pos make?

none