Nut final -

Which of the following is a complication of polypharmacy?

Increased risk of drug interactions and adverse drug reactions

A major systemic effect of cancer is?

Cachexia (severe weight and muscle loss)

Which dietary advancement is recommended once vomiting has stopped in a client?

Clear liquid diet progressing to full liquids

What is the role of micronutrients in parenteral nutrition?

Support enzyme function, metabolism, and immune processes

When might enteral nutrition be prescribed for clients with inflammatory bowel disease?

When the GI tract is functioning but oral intake is inadequate

Which complication is associated with initiating enteral nutrition in a client in starvation state?

Refeeding syndrome

What should be monitored closely in critically ill clients receiving nutritional therapy?

Electrolytes, glucose levels, and fluid balance

What nutritional approach is recommended for a client with Crohn's disease during exacerbation?

Low-residue diet

Why might parenteral nutrition be used in critically ill clients?

When the gastrointestinal tract cannot be used

What is a primary benefit of early enteral nutrition in critically ill clients?

Maintains gut integrity and immune function

Which condition is a contraindication for enteral nutrition?

Intestinal obstruction

Which of the following is not a potential cause of low LDL levels?

Diet high in saturated fats

Which of the following is a recommended source of fiber in a heart healthy diet?

Whole grains

Regular exercise can help prevent heart disease by

Lowering LDL cholesterol and improving circulation

What is an important nutrient for breastfeeding mothers to consume?

Calcium

Which condition is considered a high-risk pregnancy?

Gestational diabetes or hypertension

What is the recommended caloric increase during the second and third trimester?

About 300 extra calories per day

A low birth weight infant weighs less than

2500 grams (5.5 pounds)

During childhood most calories are needed for

Growth and development

Which nutritional strategy is recommended for cancer patients experiencing malnutrition?

High-calorie high-protein diet

A patient on a 2300 kcal diet. Calculate grams of carbohydrates.

About 316 grams of carbohydrates

Which is least likely to be a primary cause of malnutrition?

Adequate food intake

Pregnant woman unable to buy food is at risk for

Low birth weight infant

A fundamental effect of untreated HIV infection is

Severe immune suppression

Patients receiving chemotherapeutic drugs often develop

Nausea and vomiting

The person with the highest risk for developing cancer is

Older adult with multiple risk factors

Primary function of the liver

Metabolism and detoxification

Which is NOT a function of plasma proteins?

Transport of oxygen

Main nutrients involved in metabolic regulation

Vitamins and minerals

Consequence of protein deficiency in infants

Kwashiorkor

Recommended diet for HIV patients

High calorie high protein

Primary goal of parent-child feeding therapy

Establish healthy feeding behaviors

Good calcium source for growing child

Milk and dairy products

Toxicity of vitamins A or D occurs from

Excessive supplementation

Best first solid food for a 6-month infant

Iron-fortified rice cereal

Babies should not sleep with bottle because

Risk of tooth decay

Women with gestational diabetes risk developing

Type 2 diabetes

Initial goal for overweight diabetic who eats sweets

Gradually reduce sugar intake

Clinical sign of poor nutritional status

Unintentional weight loss

If a label says low cholesterol it must also be low in

Saturated fat

FDA health claim links

Nutrient intake with reduced disease risk

Sodium restriction for heart failure

About 2 grams per day

Diet first 24–48 hours after myocardial infarction

Small easily digestible meals

Food eliminated in celiac disease

Wheat

Symptoms of celiac disease

Diarrhea, malabsorption, weight loss

Peptic ulcer diet guideline

Small frequent meals

Many people with GERD are

Overweight

Initial nutrition after gastrectomy

Enteral or parenteral nutrition

Electrolytes lost with vomiting and fever

Sodium and potassium

Diet for hyperthyroidism patient maintaining weight

High calorie diet

Villi and microvilli function

Increase absorption

Primary function of large intestine nutritionally

Absorption of water and electrolytes

Stomach lining protected from acid by

Mucus

Systems affected by thiamine deficiency

Nervous, cardiovascular, digestive

Fat associated with atherosclerosis

Saturated fat

Fat calories for a 2000 kcal diet

About 600 kcal/day

Most accurate statement about protein

Builds and repairs tissues

Improving diabetes care for elderly supports

Community health promotion

Carbohydrates stored as glycogen in

Liver and muscles

Health care worker with closest patient contact

Nurse

Diagnostic methods for nutrition assessment include

Lab tests, diet history, anthropometric measurements

Role of dietician in nursing care

Plan therapeutic diets

Route used for total parenteral nutrition

Central venous catheter

Immune function is compromised by

Malnutrition

Benefit of breastfeeding for infant

Provides antibodies

Risk factor for obesity

Sedentary lifestyle

Least likely cause of malnutrition

Balanced diet

Diet priority after myocardial infarction

Low fat easily digestible foods

Common ulcer site leading to bleeding

Duodenum

Elevated BUN and creatinine after dehydration due to

Reduced kidney perfusion

Elevated serum urea caused by

Reduced kidney filtration

Why carbs and fats important in kidney diet

Provide energy without excess protein

Diet for calcium oxalate stones

Increase fluids and reduce oxalate foods

Low albumin causes edema because

Reduced osmotic pressure

Food CKD patients should avoid due to phosphorus

Dairy products

Risk factor for GERD

Obesity

Nephrotic syndrome discharge teaching

Monitor for edema and infection

Intervention to control blood pressure

Reduce sodium intake

Food heart failure patient should limit

Processed high sodium foods

Primary cause of coronary heart disease

Atherosclerosis

Medical term for gallstones

Cholelithiasis

Best snack for cirrhosis patient

High-protein snack such as yogurt

Priority intervention for lactose intolerance

Avoid dairy products

Diet intervention for constipation

High fiber diet

Best meal for peptic ulcer patient

Bland non-irritating foods

Primary cause of peptic ulcers

H. pylori infection

Most reliable sign of poor nutrition

Unintentional weight loss

Long-term risk after gestational diabetes

Type 2 diabetes

Correct use of food labels for diabetes

Monitor carbohydrate grams per serving

Pancreatic cells producing insulin

Beta cells

Instruction to prevent diabetic neuropathy and amputation

Perform daily foot care

Basic goal of diabetic care

Maintain blood glucose control

Client at risk for vitamin B deficiency

Chronic alcohol user

Correct nurse teaching for GERD

Avoid lying down after meals

Risk associated with suboptimal breastfeeding

Increased infant infection risk

Major nutrient needed for wound healing

Protein

Primary electrolyte responsible for fluid balance

Sodium

Best indicator of hydration status

Urine output

Vitamin important for blood clotting

Vitamin K

Essential nutrient for red blood cell formation

Iron