SOLUBILTY OF SOLID IN LIQUID

SOLUBILITY

Solubility of a substance is its maximum amount that can be dissolved in the specified amount of solvent and at a specified temperature

SOLUBILITY depends on what

• Nature of the solute

• Nature of solvent

• temperature

• pressure

like dissolves like

1. Polar dissolves polar

2. Non polar dissolves in non polar

why does the polar solute dissolves in polar solvent and non polar solute in polar solvent

Solute dissolves in the solvent when their intermolecular interaction are similar

Dissolution

When a solid solute is added to a solvent ,some solute dissolve and increase the concentration this process is known as dissolution

Crystallization

some solute particle in the solution collide with the solid solute particles and get separated. This process is known as crystallization

Dynamic equilibrium

A stage is reached when two process(dissolution, crystallization) occurs at the same rate .Under such condition the number of solute go into the solution will be equal to number solute separating out.

Effect on concentration of solute dynamic equilibrium

The concentration of solute will remain constant under given condition i.e., Temperature and pressure

Saturated solution

Such a solution in which no more solute can be dissolved at same temperature and pressure is called a saturated solution

Unsaturated solution

Is one in which more solute can be dissolved at the same temperature.

Effect of temperature

• Endothermic : solubility directly proportional to temperature

• Exothermic : solubility is inversely proportional to temperature

Effect of pressure

pressure does not have any significant effect on solubility of solids in liquid.

Why is there is no effect solid by pressure

Because solids and liquids are highly incompressible and practically remain unaffected by pressure