Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

These flashcards cover key concepts from the chapter on infectious diseases affecting the skin and eyes, focusing on anatomical features, defenses, common conditions, and pathogens.

What anatomical feature of the skin contributes to its resilience against damage and abrasion?

The stratum corneum, which is packed with keratin.

What is the thickness range of human skin?

From 1.5 mm to 4 mm.

What are the layers of the skin involved in blister formation?

The dermis and the epidermis.

What type of glands are associated with hair follicles?

Sebaceous (oil) glands and scent glands.

What is the primary function of antimicrobial peptides in the skin?

To disrupt the negatively charged membranes of bacteria.

What is the role of sebum in skin defense?

It creates a low pH environment that is inhospitable to most microorganisms.

Which enzyme is found in sweat and is known for breaking down peptidoglycan?

Lysozyme.

What type of microbe is Staphylococcus epidermidis classified as?

A normal biota skin bacterium.

What common skin condition is associated with MRSA?

Skin lesions and infections.

What bacteria are commonly responsible for causing impetigo?

Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes.

What type of infection can result from Clostridium perfringens?

Gas gangrene.

What causes the bullous lesions in Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS)?

Exfoliative toxins A and B.

What is a common characteristic of Chickenpox lesions?

Fluid-filled lesions, often referred to as 'pox'.

How is Neonatal conjunctivitis typically transmitted?

Through vertical transmission during birth.

What is the primary virulence factor for Chlamydia trachomatis causing conjunctivitis?

Intracellular growth.

What is the mode of transmission for river blindness?

Through biological vectors, specifically black flies.

Which type of organism is a common cause of ringworm (tinea)?

Dermatophytes.

What is the typical mode of transmission for Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease?

Direct and droplet contact.

What type of vaccine is recommended to prevent Rubella?

Live attenuated vaccine.