RHONCHI AND RALES

RHONCHI

•Also known as sonorous rhonchus

RHONCHI

•Sound: continuous low-pitched, rattling lung sounds that often resemble snoring/ gurgling.

RHONCHI

•Causes:  Obstructive secretions in larger airways. The sound might move around to different parts of your chest when you cough, moving mucus around.

RHONCHI

•Causes:  Obstructive secretions in _____ airways. The sound might _____ around to different parts of your chest when you cough, moving mucus around.

RHONCHI

Condition: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis, pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, or cystic fibrosis.

RHONCHI

Condition: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (_____), bronchiectasis, _____, chronic _____, or cystic _____.

RHONCHI

•Heard best: Exhalation but present in both inhalation and exhalation

RHONCHI

•Heard best: _______ but present in both inhalation and exhalation

RHONCHI

Location: Larger airways of the trachea or the bronchi

RHONCHI

Location: Larger airways of the _____ or the _____

RALES

•Also known as crackles

RALES

•Sound: Discontinuous, interrupted or explosive sounds. Sounds like rattling, bubbling or clicking.

RALES

Causes: Air opening closed air spaces (alveoli) or moving through secretion

RALES

Causes: Air opening _____ air spaces (alveoli) or moving through secretion

RALES

•Condition: Pulmonary edema, pneumonia, bronchitis and pulmonary fibrosis

RALES

•Condition: Pulmonary ______, _____, ______ and pulmonary fibrosis

RALES

• •Heard best: Inhalation

• •Location: to happen when closed air gaps are opened by air or at the base of the lungs.

RALES

• •Heard best: _____

• •Location: to happen when _____ air gaps are opened by air or at the base of the lungs.

• fine crackles

• coarse crackles

2 TYPES OF RALES

• fine crackles

•Also known as the Crepitation

• coarse crackles

•Occurs on larger bronchi tubes

fine crackles

•Occurs in the small airways

•A short, high-pitched sounds

• coarse crackles

•Loud, lower pitch and last longer

•Sounds like popping

fine crackles

•Sounds like strips of Velcro separating

rales

•PPneumonia

•ulmonary edema

•Pulmonary Fibrosus

•Rattles

rhonchi

•Pneumonia

•Feline Asthma

•Heaves (Equine Asthma)

•Chronic bronchitis

•Lung auscultation is a common method for the routine diagnosis. And a comprehensive physical examination component for both respiratory and non-respiratory ailments

•Xray

•Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) were used to extract the characteristics of lung sounds, and the K-means method was used for feature clustering to reduce the computational load. (advanced way)(Chen et al., 2015)

Diagnosis and Treatment

•Bronchodilators

•Corticosteroids:  for COPD or asthma.

•Antibiotics/Antivirals: for pneumonia.

•Mucolytics:  break down or reduce mucus.

•Oxygen Therapy

Diagnosis and Treatment