SLP 329 Chap 9

Mean length of utterance is defined as what

The average number of morphemes per utterance

After what MLU does variability increase making it less accurate

After an MLU of 4

Is MLU quantitative or qualitative

Quantitative

What counts as one morpheme irregular past tense

Words like went ate got came

What counts as one morpheme contractions

Dont if do not does not does not appear

What counts as one morpheme repetitions

Repetitions for emphasis like no no no

What counts as one morpheme compound words

Words like railroad birthday

What counts as one morpheme proper names

Names like Billy Sue

What counts as one morpheme reduplications

Words like night night choo choo

What counts as one morpheme diminutives

Words like daddie doggie

What counts as one morpheme auxiliary verbs

Words like is have do gonna hafta

What counts as one morpheme irregular plurals

Words like men feet

What counts as two morphemes possessives

Words like Sams daddies

What counts as two morphemes regular plurals

Words like doggies kitties

What counts as two morphemes third person singular

Words like walks eats

What counts as two morphemes regular past

Words like walked jumped

What counts as two morphemes present progressive

Words like walking eating

What should not be counted dysfluencies

Only count the actual word like candy

What should not be counted fillers

Words like um ah oh

When are most speech sounds acquired

By age 5 except some consonants and clusters

When do children begin to talk about past present future

Between 18 months and 3 years

When do children gain sense beyond present reference

Around 3 and a half years

What is the main linking verb

The copula to be

When is the copula mastered

Around age 4

When can children talk about three participants

Around age 3

How do we express ongoing actions in English

Using is ing progressive form

What is progressive ing used for initially

To describe something currently occurring

Why is ing overgeneralized

Because children apply it broadly before refining rules

When is regular plural s acquired

Before age 3

How is possessive s first marked

By tone or word order

What happens with regular past ed

It is overgeneralized to irregular verbs

When is third person singular mastered

Around 3 and a half to 4

What is aspect

Talking about status of time relative to completion

When are infinitives first understood

Around 2 and a half to 3

What develops before full infinitives

Gonna and wanna

What are bound morphemes

Morphemes that must attach to another morpheme

When is superlative understood

Around age 3 point 5

When is comparative understood and produced

Around age 5

Why does superlative take longer

It is multifunctional

What is a phrase

A group of words without both subject and predicate

When do articles appear

Around age 2

What improves by age 4 with articles

Assumptions about listener knowledge

What is a verb phrase

A phrase that represents existence like I am

When is irregular past mastered

Around 46 months

What are auxiliary verbs

Verbs that appear alongside another verb

What are modal verbs

Verbs expressing mood or feelings

How do modals first appear

In negative form

Which class of sounds develops first

Vowels

When are vowels acquired

By age 3

When do clusters appear

Around age 4

When are clusters mastered

Around age 7 or 8

What does NPALFA stand for

Nasals plosives approximants lateral approximants fricatives affricates

What does GBVALP stand for

Glottals bilabials velars alveolars post alveolars dentals labiodentals palatals

When are consonant clusters fully acquired

Around age 7 or 8

What is stopping

Replacing a sound with a plosive

If you want I can also clean these into fewer higher quality cards or make a practice quiz out of them.

When do bound morphemes first appear

Around age 2

When are bound morphemes mastered

Much later after initial use

What is the developmental pattern of bound morphemes

Correct use then overgeneralization then correct use again

When do irregular past tense verbs first appear

Around age 3 to 3 and a half

What are examples of early irregular past tense verbs

Came fell went

What happens after children learn regular past tense ed

It is overgeneralized to irregular verbs

When are regular and irregular past tense mostly mastered

Around 46 months

How are irregular verbs learned

One by one not as a rule

What happens when children learn the regular past tense rule

They overgeneralize it to irregular verbs

How do infinitive phrases change from age 2 to 5

They become more complex and varied

What substitution occurs in early infinitive phrases

Third person nouns and pronouns replace I

What type of infinitives appear next

Negative infinitives

What verb variety develops in infinitive phrases

More verbs like remember and forget

What tense changes occur in infinitive phrases

Multiple tenses are used

What complex structure develops in infinitives

A noun phrase between two verbs

What advanced infinitive form appears last

Wh infinitives