CNA State Exam

acute

a current illness that has severe symptoms and may be as a result of sudden onset

chain of command

the line of authority in the facility which addresses to whom each employee/department reports

culture change

a philosophy that focuses on providing "person-centered" care to residents and creating a positive work environment for healthcare workers

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

law that requires health information to be kept secure and private

interdisciplinary team

professionals from each discipline within the nursing facility who meet to discuss and plan the care of the resident

Long term care

care for persons who require 24 hour care and assistance

ombundsman

resident advocate who investigates complaints and assists to achieve agreement between parties, often defending the rights of residents

palliative care

care that focuses on the comfort and dignity of the person rather than curing him or her

projection

seeing feelings in others that are really your own

regression

going back to an old immature behavior

repression

blocking painful thoughts or feelings from the mind

standard 14

law that lays out all the responsibilities of the CNA and what they are not allowed to do

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act

law passed by federal government establishing minimum standards for nursing home care and for nursing assistant training

Types of Abuse

verbal, involuntary seclusion, physical, mental, neglect, misappropriation, sexual

causative agent

a biological agent that causes a disease

disinfection

chemicals used to decrease the spread of pathogens by destroying them

healthcare associated infection

infection acquired in a hospital or other healthcare setting, also known as nosocomial infection

sterilization

destroys all microorganisms, not just pathogens

systemic infection

infection that occurs when pathogens enter one's bloodstream and move throughout the body causing general symptoms

five moments for hand washing

methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus

an antibiotic resistant infection often acquired in hospitals and other facilities; spread by direct physical contact

occupational safety and health administration

federal government agency that protects workers from hazards on the job

pediculosis

lice infection

vancomycin resistant enterococcus

a strain of enterrococcus that cannot be controlled with antibiotics; it is spread through direct and indirect contact

20 seconds

how long must you wash your hands?

gown, mask, gloves

in what order do you don PPE?

hemiplagia

total paralysis on one side of the body

hemorrhage

excessive loss of blood from a blood vessel

nectar, honey, pudding

what are the three liquid consistencies in order from least to most thick?

material safety data sheet

all chemicals have a sheet that details the ingredients, dangers, emergency response to be taken, and safe handling procedures, as required by OSHA

myocardial infarction

heart attack

angina pectoris

chest pain

elopement

a resident exiting the facility whose whereabouts are unknown to the staff

apical pulse

pulse located on left side of chest under the breast bone

brachial pulse

pulse located at the bend of the elbow

carotid pulse

pulse located on either side of the neck

diastolic

bottom number on blood pressure

systolic

top number on blood pressure

radial pulse

pulse found on the wrist

97.6-99.6

normal temp range taken orally

96.6-98.6

normal temp range taken axillary

98.6-100.6

normal temp range taken tympanically

60-100

normal pulse range

rate, rhythm, force

what do you note while taking a pulse?

12-20

normal respirations per minute

fowler's position

head of bed elevated 45-60 degrees

semi-fowler's position

head of bed elevated 30-45 degrees

every 2 hours

how often should you rotate a resident to prevent bed sores?

weak side

which side do you stand on when ambulating a resident with a cane?

color, swelling, cuts, splits

what do you check for with nail care? CSCS

pacemaker, oxygen, water

where/when should you NOT use an electric razor?

enema

specific amount of water flowed into colon to eliminate stool

hemiparesis

weakness on one side of the body

paraplegia

loss of function of lower body and legs

suppository

medication given rectally to cause a bowel movement

void

urination

color, odor, character, amount

what do you check for when collecting urine or stool? COCA

bedside table, over bed table, back of chair

what are the three "Clean" areas of the room?

foot of bed, seat of chair

what are the two "dirty" areas of the room?

jejunostomy tube

tube placed in the second part of the small intestines and used to provide nourishment

nasogastric tube

tube placed through nose to the stomach to provide nourishment

30

How many cc in 1 oz?

6 o'clock

where do you put the main dish on a blind resident's plate?

offload

assisting a resident to stand up to completely remove pressure from the area

epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue

what are the three layers of the skin starting from the outer layer?

braden scale

standardized risk assessment tool completed by the nurse to identify residents at risk of skin breakdown

abduction

moving a limb away from the body

adduction

moving a limb toward the body

dorsiflexion

bending backwards

pronation

turning downward

supination

turning upward

redness, open area, warmth, excessive dryness, swelling

what do you check for when performing TED hose care? ROWES

peripherally inserted central catheter

PICC catheter inserted into a vein for medication administration

total parenteral nutrition

food is only given intravenously (TPN)

pillaging

taking someone else's items

apathy

lack of interest

cerebrovascular accident

stroke (CVA)

peripheral vascular disease

condition in which the extremities do not have enough blood circulation due to fatty deposits in the vessels that harden over time

emphysema

progressive lung disease that causes shortness of breath. A symptom of COPD

ureters

carry urine from kidneys to bladder

emesis

vomit

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

chronic condition in which the liquid contents of the stomach back up the esophagus (GERD)

hemorroids

enlarged veins in the rectum

illeostomy

section of the intestine is removed and the stool will be evacuated through a stoma and emptied into a bag adhered to the abdomen of the resident

ulcerative colitis

chronic inflammatory bowel disease

hypoglycemia

low blood sugar

hyperglycemia

high blood sugar

lymphatic system

removes excess fluids and waste products from the tissues of the body

advanced directive

the residents spoken or written instruction about future medical care and treatment

cheyne stokes

a pattern of breathing with gradual increase in depth and sometimes in rate, followed by a decrease resulting in apnea. Specific to death

cyanotic

blueish discoloration of the skin

mottling

the skin, especially on the hands and feet, appear blue and blotchy, caused by slow blood circulation

denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

What are the five stages of grieving? DABDA

2 years

when does your CNA certification expire?

12 hours

how many hours of in-service must a CNA have per year?

warmth, redness, and pain, swelling

before beginning a passive range of motion procedure, what do you check for? WRAPS

confused, unconscious, disoriented, uses oxygen

Do not take oral temperature if a resident is CUDO

discoloration, bleeding, loose teeth, odor, sores, cracks

What do you check for when doing oral care? DBLOSC

redness, open areas, swelling

what do you check for when using palm cones? ROS