A&P Ch.4 continued..

Flashcards covering key concepts from anatomy and histology, focusing on tissue types and characteristics.

Tissue

A group of similar cells that perform a common function.

Epithelial Tissue

A type of tissue that consists of sheets of cells that closely fit together, serving as a protective layer and involved in absorption and secretion.

Avascular

Referring to epithelial tissue, which lacks blood vessels and regenerates by diffusion.

Simple Epithelium

A single layer of cells, classified by the shape of the cells as squamous, cuboidal, or columnar.

Stratified Epithelium

Multiple layers of cells, providing protection against mechanical injury and pathogens.

Simple Squamous Epithelium

A single layer of flat cells that enables rapid diffusion, found in alveoli and capillaries.

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

A single layer of cube-shaped cells involved in absorption and secretion, found in glands like the thyroid.

Simple Columnar Epithelium

A single layer of columnar cells, may contain cilia and goblet cells, found in the gastrointestinal tract.

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

A single layer of columnar cells of varying heights, appears stratified, found in the respiratory tract.

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Multiple layers of cells, can be keratinized or non-keratinized, providing protection against abrasion.

Transitional Epithelium

Multiple layers of cells that can change shape, allowing stretch and distention, found in the urinary bladder.

Connective Tissue

A type of tissue that is highly vascular and composed of cells and an extracellular matrix.

Extracellular Matrix

The non-cellular component of connective tissue, consisting of ground substance and fibers.

Adipose Connective Tissue

A type of loose fibrous connective tissue composed of fat cells that stores energy and provides insulation.

Dense Regular Connective Tissue

Connective tissue with densely packed, parallel collagen fibers, providing tensile strength for tendons and ligaments.

Hyaline Cartilage

A type of cartilage with a glassy matrix that provides a smooth surface for joint movement.

Fibrocartilage

Cartilage that contains thick bundles of collagen fibers providing shock absorption.

Neurons

The basic functional unit of nervous tissue, responsible for conducting nerve impulses.

Skeletal Muscle

Voluntary muscle tissue made up of long cylindrical cells with striations, responsible for movements.

Cardiac Muscle

Involuntary muscle tissue found in the heart, characterized by intercalated discs and striated fibers.

Smooth Muscle

Involuntary muscle tissue that propels contents through organs and is found in the walls of blood vessels.

Stratified Squamous Keratinized Epithelium

Multiple layers of cells with a superficial layer of dead, keratinized cells, providing protection against abrasion and water loss, found in the skin.

Stratified Squamous Non-Keratinized Epithelium

Multiple layers of cells that remain moist, providing protection against abrasion, found in areas like the oral cavity and esophagus.

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Multiple layers of cube-shaped cells, providing protection and secretion, found in sweat glands and mammary glands.

Glandular Epithelial Tissue

A type of epithelial tissue specialized for secretion; consists of exocrine and endocrine glands, involved in producing hormones, enzymes, and other substances.

Loose Fibrous Connective Tissue

A type of connective tissue that supports and binds other tissues, characterized by a loosely organized matrix and flexibility, found beneath epithelial layers.

Areolar Connective Tissue

A type of loose connective tissue that provides support and elasticity to organs, containing a variety of cells and fibers in a gel-like matrix.

Reticular Connective Tissue

A type of loose connective tissue formed by reticular fibers and cells, providing a supportive framework for organs such as the lymph nodes and spleen.

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

Connective tissue with densely packed collagen fibers arranged irregularly, providing strength and support to areas that experience tension in multiple directions, found in the dermis and organ capsules.