FINAL REVIEW- ALL CR’s Summer Session 1

CR for AP Axial C-Spine

15 -20 cephalad to lowel margin thyroid cartilage

CR for AP Open Mouth C1/C2

To center of open mouth

CR for AP Fuchs Method C1/C2

Angled cephalad to be parallel to the MML; enters interior tip of mandible

CR for Anterior Obliques C-Spine

15°-20° caudad; exits at level of upper margin of thyroid

CR for Posterior Obliques C-Spine (Most commonly done)

15°-20° cephalad; enters at level of thyroid cartilage (C4)

CR for Lateral C-Spine

To C4 (Level of upper margin of thyroid cartilage)

CR for Cervicothoracic (Swimmer's) Lateral

To T1 (about 1" superior to jugular notch or at level of vertebra prominens)

CR for Hyperflexion and Hyperextension Lateral C-Spine

To C4 (Level of upper margin of thyroid cartilage)

CR for Trauma Lateral (Horizontal Beam) C-Spine

Horizontal beam to C4 (level of upper margin of thyroid cartilage)

CR for AP T-Spine

To T7, enters 3"-4" below jugular notch

CR for Lateral T-Spine

To T7, enters 3"-4" below jugular notch

CR for AP L-Spine

To L4/L5, enters at level of iliac crest

CR for RPO/LPO L-Spine

To L3, enters 1"-2" above iliac crest & 2" medial to upside ASIS

CR for Lateral L-Spine

To L4/L5, enters at level of iliac crest;

- Optional 5°-8° caudal CR angle

CR for Lateral L5/S1

5° - 8° caudal (if no waist support or perpendicular if enough waist support provided)

> enters 1.5" inferior to iliac crest & 2" posterior to ASIS

CR for Hyperflexion/Hyperextension Lateral L-Spine

To IR; where lower margin is placed 1"-2" below level of iliac crest

CR for Scoliosis Series PA & Scoliosis Series Lateral

To IR; where lower margin is placed 1"-2" below level of iliac crest

CR for AP Axial Sacrum

15° cephalad, enters 2" superior to symphysis pubis

CR for Lateral Sacrum

enters 3"-4" posterior to ASIS

CR for AP Axial Coccyx

10° caudad; enters 2" superior to symphysis pubis

CR for Lateral Coccyx

3-4" posterior and 2" inferior to ASIS

CR for AP Axial SI Joints

30°-35° cephalad; enters 2" below level of ASIS

CR for SI Joints Posterior Obliques RPO/LPO

enters 1" medial to upside ASIS

CR for PA Skull

exit at glabella

CR for PA Axial (Caldwell) Skull

15° caudad to IR; exits at nasion

CR for AP Axial (Towne Method) Skull

30° caudad to IR; enters 2.5" superior to glabella;

> If perpendicular use 37° caudad for IOML

CR for Lateral Skull

Enters 2" superior to the EAM

CR for PA Axial (Caldwell) Facial Bones

15° caudad to IR; exits at nasion

CR for PA Parietoacanthial (Waters) Facial Bones

To IR; exits at acanthion

CR for PA Modified Parietoacanthial Facial Bones (Modified Waters)

To IR; exits at acanthion

CR for Lateral Facial Bones

To zygoma; enters midway between outer canthus & EAM

CR for Lateral Nasal Bones

To nose; enters 1/2" inferior to nasion

CR for SMV Zygomatic Arches

To a point midway between zygomatic arches; enters 1.5" inferior to mandibular symphysis

CR for Oblique Inferosuperior Tangential Zygomatic Arches

To a point midway between zygomatic arches; enters at a point that skims the mandibular ramus

CR for PA Mandible

exits at junction of lips

CR for AP Axial Mandible

35° caudad to IR; enters 1" superior to glabella

- use 42° caudad for IOML

CR for Axiolateral Oblique Mandible

25° cephalad if head lateral; enters mandibular body closest to IR

CR for Panoramic Tomography Mandible

Tube & IR rotates around head

CR for Axiolateral Oblique TMJ (Law Method)

15° caudad to IR; enters 1.5' superior to upside EAM

CR for Axiolateral TMJ (Schuller Method)

To IR; enters 2" superior to upside EAM

CR for Parieto-Orbital Oblique Orbits (Rhese Method)

To IR; exits midpoint of downside orbit

CR for PA (Caldwell) Paranasal Sinuses

To IR; exits at nasion

CR for PA Parietoacanthial (Waters) Paranasal Sinuses

To IR; exits at acanthion

CR for Lateral Paranasal Sinuses

To IR; enters midway between outer canthus & EAM

CR for SMV Paranasal Sinuses

To a point midway between angles of the mandible; enters 2" inferior to symphysis of mandible