LU 1 : Leukaemia

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Last updated 2:09 PM on 6/16/26
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7 Terms

1
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What is acute leukaemia ?

  • Predominance of blasts in the bone marrow and peripheral blood

  • Most often seen in children

2
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What is Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ?

• Commonly seen in children.

• Presence of lymphoblasts in the circulating blood and in the bone marrow.

• Most responsive to therapy.

3
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What is Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) ?

• Most often seen in adults.

• Predominance of myeloblasts.

• Responds to current therapy more poorly than ALL.

4
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What is Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) ?

  • Proliferation of neoplastic lymphoid cells

  • Usually seen in the elderly individuals (> 60 yrs old & in men).

  • Presence of smudge cells / basket cells.

5
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What are the complications and clinical features of Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) ?

  • Complications : Warm AIHA & Hypogammaglobulinaemia

  • Clinical features : i) indolent course, often with few symptoms ii) generalized lymphadenopathy and moderate hepatosplenomegaly iii) mean survival: 3-7 years

6
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What is Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) ?

  • A neoplastic clonal proliferation of myeloid stem cells, the precursor cells of erythrocytes, granulocytes, monocytes and platelets.

  • One of the myeloproliferative syndromes.

  • Characterized by a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22.

7
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What are the key features of Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) ?

  • Marked leukocytosis

  • Marked splenomegaly & modestly enlarged liver and lymph nodes

  • Can transform into blast crisis