IV drug compatibility

what drug is fatal if given intrathecal

vincristine

osmalirity and tonicity are used to express

solute concentration

what injections can be fatal

hypertonic salin injections. they are restricted

what happens when hypertonic solution is adm to a vain

can cause water to move out of RBCs

a venous cathether is also called

a line

peripheral venous cathethers are inserted into

smaller veins

long term vascular access in needed for

highly concentrated drugs

long-term antibiotics

drugs that would cause tissue damage

especially vesicants

drugs with a ph not close to blood pH

drugs with high osmolarity such as parenteral nutrition

to be considered a central line, the central tip must be located in

large vessel (superior vena cava)

peripherally inserted catherher are inserted by

placing the line into the peripheral vein until the tip ends in the superior vena cava

what is a vesicant

a drug that will cause severe tissue damage allowing the drug to extrvasate

vesicants include

vasopressors (dopamine, nore), anthracyclines, vinca alkaloids

chemical incompatibility causes drug degredation due to

hydrolysis, oxidation, decomposition

physical incompatibility occurs between a drug and one of the following

container, diluent, another drug

DEHP can

leach from the container into the solution

drugs that reuire non-pvc container

lorazepam, amiodarone, tacrolimus, taxanes, insulin, nitroglycerin

drugs to mix in dextrose only

oxaliplatin, sulfameth, amphohericin B

DRUGS to mix in saline only

ampicillin, daptomycin, infliximab, amp/sul, capsofungin, ertapenem, phenytoin

high risk incompatibilities

ceftriaxone cannot be mixed with any calcium conaining solutions and lactated rigers

calcium and phosphate are dangerous together

sources for drug compatibility

trissels, king’s guide

what filter is used for parenteral nutrition

1.2 micron

most drugs require what kind of filter

0.22 micron filter

common drugs with filer requirements

golimumab, amph b lipid formulations, isavuconazium, phenytoin, amiodarone, taxanes, mannitol, parenteral nutrition

which drugs crystalize if kept cold

phenytoin and furosemide

drugs to not refrigerate

dexmed, sulfameth, phenytoin, furosemide, metronidazole, moxifloxacin, enoxaparin

light exposure can cause

photodegeneration

drugs to protect from light

phytonadine, epoprostenol, nitroprussice, micafungin, doxycycline

drugs to not shake

albumin, globulins, mab, insulin

alteplase, etanercept, rasburicase

vaccines

oxidation turns the medication

pink

oxidation turns this medication blue

nitroprusside

iv drugs that come color

anthracyclines- red, rifampin- red, mitoxantrone- blue.