Testing for ions
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Last updated 4:34 PM on 6/9/23
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24 Terms
1
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What is used to test for carbonates?
Hydrochloric acid
2
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How do you know if the test result is positive for carbonates?
Bubbles of CO2 released- tested with limewater
3
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How do you test for sulphates?
Add dilute HCl and barium chloride solution
4
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How do you know if the test result is positive for sulphates?
White precipitate formed of barium sulphate
5
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How do you test for halides?
Add nitric acid and then silver nitrate
6
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Which halide dissolves in dilute and conc NH3?
Chloride
7
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Which halide is not soluble in dilute NH3, but in conc NH3?
Bromide
8
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How do you know if the test result is positive for halides?
Precipitate forms- White (chloride), cream (bromide), yellow (iodide)
9
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What do you use to test for ammonium compounds?
Damp red litmus and sodium hydroxide for ammonium solutions
10
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How do you know if the test result is positive for ammonium compounds?
Damp red litmus goes blue , after heating compound to gaseous form
11
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What is the order for the ion tests?
Carbonates, Sulphates and halides
12
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What do you use to test for an aldehyde?
Tollens
13
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What do you use to test for a carbonyl group?
2,4 DNP
14
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What do you use to test for a carboxylic acid?
PCl5 or litmus or NaCO3
15
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What do you use to test for phenol?
NaOH and then carbonate or FeCL3
16
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What do you use to test for ammonium ion?
cold NaOH
17
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What do you use to test for an amine?
Add universal indicator, and a blue or purple solution should form
18
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How do you test for a carboxylic acid?
Add Na2CO3 which will produce CO2. Then add limewater and a cloudy solution should be present
19
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How do you test for an acyl chloride?
Add water. White steamy fumes will be given off
20
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If you were blind, how would you test for an alcohol?
Add COOH and H2SO4 catalyst- this produces an ester which will have a fruity smell
21
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How do you test for haloalkanes?
Add NaOH and then add (Ag(NO3)2)2+ and HNO3 acid to confirm precipitate
22
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Why is HCL added first?
To remove any carbonates present which would also form a precipitate.
23
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Give ionic equation for sulphate ion test
Ba2+ (aq) + SO42- (aq) → BaSO4 (s)
24
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What happens when bubble CO2 in limewater
turn cloudy as calcium carbonate is produced