development within family

Harlow’s experiments

tested whether attachment was based on food or comfort by raising baby monkeys with wire surrogate monkeys

• preferred wire mother that offered comfort even when mother that gave food was present

caregiver-child attachment

strong, enduring emotional bond between infant and caregiveri

4 attachment patterns

secure, anxious-resistant, anxious-avoidant, disorganised/disoriented

prototype model

attachment pattern is relatively fixed from infancy = adult attachment pattern will not change during their transition to parenthood

revisionist model

attachment pattern can change with new meaningful relationships = adult attachment pattern will change during transition to parenthood

when is sibling rivarly problematic

• no conflict resolution

• parents have marital conflict

• parents are uninvolved

• older siblings are aggressive/antisocial

sibling coalition

• older siblings help with socio-cognitive capacity, caregiving and protection, teaching

• younger siblings help with reciprocate behaviour, offer trust, respect, admiration

• both siblings help with prosocial behaviour, dealing with parents

bioecological approach - Bronfenbenner

1. microsystem

2. mesosystem

3. exosystem

4. macrosystem

5. chronosystem

microsystem

parents, family rules, siblings’ behaviours

mesosystem

parent’s relationship, parent-sibling relationship, daycare arrangements

exosystem

indirect influences - parent’s job, transport availability

macrosystem

media, values, laws

chronosystem

changes over time