Science Test Review Flashcards

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering Chemistry, Biology, and Physics topics from the Science Test - Set A transcript, including reaction types, human physiology, and physical optics.

Electrolysis of water

A chemical process that serves as an example of an endothermic reaction.

$3Fe(s) + 4H_2O(g) \rightarrow Fe_3O_4(s) + 4H_2(g)$ (Oxidation/Reduction)

In this specific reaction, the iron metal is getting oxidised, water is getting reduced, and water acts as an oxidising agent.

Baking powder constituents

The mixture consists of Tartaric acid and $NaHCO_3$ (Sodium bicarbonate).

Phenolphthalein behavior

A solution that turns pink in basic conditions (pH greater than 7) and loses its color (becomes colorless) when the pH becomes less than 7.

Electrolytic refining of zinc

A process where the metal zinc is deposited specifically on the cathode.

Magnesium (water reaction)

The specific metal that reacts only with hot water, as opposed to copper, silver, or iron.

Menstruation

The cycle that takes place in females when an ovum does not fertilize.

Blood Plasma

The specific component of human blood responsible for the transport of nitrogenous wastes.

Maternal Inheritance

The process by which all children of the same parents inherit an X chromosome from their mother.

Synapse Signal Transmission

The process where a chemical signal is transmitted from the axon of one neuron to the dendrite of another neuron.

Retina Image

The type of image formed by the eye lens on the retina, which is real and inverted.

Regeneration (Hydra and Planaria)

A process in multicellular organisms where they can be cut into any number of pieces and each piece grows into a complete organism.

Ozone Depletion

A phenomena mainly caused by the presence of Chlorofluorocarbons ($CFCs$) in the atmosphere.

Covalent Compounds Conductivity

These are generally poor conductors of electricity because they consist of molecules rather than ions that can transfer charge.

Thermit Reaction Metal 'X'

Aluminum, which when heated produces an amphoteric oxide 'Y' (Aluminum oxide).

Lipase

An enzyme involved in the digestion of fats; its efficiency is key for patients whose gall bladder has been removed and must eat less oily food.

Tropism

The growth or movement of a plant in response to a specific stimulus, such as a plant bending towards light.

Atmospheric Refraction (Twinkling)

The phenomenon responsible for the observation that stars appear to twinkle in the night sky.

Solenoid Magnetic Field

The magnetic field found inside a solenoid, which is characterized as being uniform.

Resistivity Variation

The property of a wire (e.g., copper) that remains unaffected and does not change even if the wire is cut into two equal halves.

Normal Range of Vision

The visual range for a healthy human eye, extending from $25\,cm$ to infinity.

Alkanes vs. Alkynes

Alkanes follow the general formula $C_nH_{2n+2}$, while Alkynes follow the general formula $C_nH_{2n-2}$.